Questions tagged [hematology]

The study of blood, the blood-forming organs, along with blood diseases and their treatment.

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-3 votes
0 answers
29 views

How to falsify claim that 2 samples are from different individuals?

Given 2 sealed, air-tight vials1 containing approximately 200 grams each of dried mammal blood. Task is to prove they are (or are not) from the same individual. What steps would you take? Note: ...
2 votes
1 answer
25 views

Free diving physiological changes

When training for free diving, there are several physiological and psychological changes that enable this activity, however one of the changes that I do not understand is increased resistance to blood ...
0 votes
0 answers
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Other than the major histocompatibility complexes, what is the difference between professional and non-professional antigen presenting cells?

Can both professional and nonprofessional APCs activate helper T-cells? Or is that only macrophages and B-cells? Do cytotoxic T-cells only make non-professional APCs go into apoptosis?
14 votes
1 answer
11k views

Why is the bond between oxygen and iron in hemoglobin at a specific angle?

The bond between oxygen and iron in hemoglobin is usually drawn at an angle of about 120 degrees to the O=O bond. Why?
2 votes
1 answer
35 views

Why is mean systemic filling pressure used to calculate pressure differential for venous return?

I'm really struggling to understand venous return curves and their relationship to mean systemic filling pressure. I understand mean systemic pressure is the pressure that would be measured throughout ...
10 votes
3 answers
22k views

How does Bernoulli’s Principle apply to the cardiovascular system?

Below are graphs which illustrate the cross-sectional area, velocity, and fluid pressure through each vascular segment of the cardiovascular system. It makes sense that velocity and cross-sectional ...
0 votes
1 answer
480 views

Is Haemoglobin a positively charged Sol?

My book NCERT(Class 12, Surface chemistry) claims that hemoglobin is a positively charged sol. The cytosolic pH in human cells is around 7.4, but fluctuates through the cell cycle according to this ...
0 votes
0 answers
19 views

Covalent modification of Pyruvate Kinase in RBCs

Human body has 4 isozymes of PK and I am particularly interested in the RBC isozyme. It is capable of being covalently modified through phosphorylation catalysed by Protein Kinase A which is in turn ...
0 votes
0 answers
17 views

Can we improve the hemocompatibility of VAD by growing a single layer of endothelial cells on the surface?

Maglev centrifugal pumps have been used in the latest ventricular assist devices (VAD) and several experimental total artificial hearts (TAH). Compared to previous generation pumps, maglev pumps don’t ...
2 votes
2 answers
181 views

Do afterload and stroke volume form part of a negative feedback loop in blood pressure regulation?

Blood pressure is the product of cardiac output and total peripheral resistance: $\text{BP} = \text{CO} \times \text{TPR}$ Since cardiac output is the product of heart rate and stroke volume, we have: ...
30 votes
3 answers
12k views

Does animal blood, esp. human, really have similar salinity as ocean water, and does that prove anything about evolution?

It is an often-repeated claim that human, and in fact all animal blood is salty because we evolved from aquatic organisms, and that blood has a similar concentration of salts as ocean water, or at ...
1 vote
0 answers
59 views

Iron absorption and oxidative stress

Fe2+ is more bioavailable than Fe3+, so it's absorbed more quickly. I read that, for this reason, Fe2+ doesn't give enough time to the organism to bind it to a protein then it stays longer in a ...
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23 views

Is there any bloodstream chemical composition software simulator?

Let's say I'd like to know how certain substance affects bloodstream levels of certain drug during a period of time. Is there any simulation software available publicly to run such kind of simulation?
1 vote
1 answer
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Why is the blood thick in Wet Cupping / Hijama

I have just witnessed the wet cupping procedure being performed and have questions regarding the blood that is seen in the cups. I understand there are no studies that show cupping is an effective ...
8 votes
2 answers
9k views

Why do people with type O blood have anti-A and anti-B antibodies?

People with type O blood have anti-A and anti-B antibodies, even without receiving a transfusion. Why?
-1 votes
1 answer
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What are the priorities of blood group that a person with AB group can recieve?

Suppose a person has a blood group of AB. I read somewhere that it is best to transfuse blood of type AB into that person, as opposed to groups A, B, or O. If AB is not available, however, it might be ...
0 votes
0 answers
1k views

Converting microequivalents per liter to mg for sodium?

I read that a normal blood sodium level is between 135 and 145 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L). Hyponatremia occurs when the sodium in your blood falls below 135 mEq/L. How do I convert mEq/L to a ...
24 votes
2 answers
60k views

What magnification do I need to see blood cells?

If I want to buy a microscope for my kids to be able to view single celled creatures and blood cells, about what magnification is required? A Celestron Pentaview digital scope claims up to 600×. Is ...
9 votes
2 answers
10k views

Is there a purpose for nucleated red blood cells in reptile, avian and fish blood?

I have read, and read, and read documents on this subject but still have no conclusions. Everything I have read explains why mammals don't have a nucleus (to make more room for the haemoglobin and ...
4 votes
1 answer
401 views

Why does the luminal test need hydrogen peroxide?

In the chemiluminescent reaction of Luminol in an aqueous solution, the luminol needs to react with molecular oxygen to produce a photon of blue light. In the technique, the hemoglobin of blood ...
4 votes
1 answer
84 views

How to reduce PPi concentration in blood samples by PPase

I have some samples of whole blood that are a little bit expensive and I want to significantly reduce the concentration of PPi in the samples by causing a reaction. I don't have any experience in ...
2 votes
0 answers
55 views

Do Marsupials have a standard classification system for their blood groups?

I've seen a limited amount of animal blood groups listed...like dogs, cats, horses, etc. But what blood types do marsupials have? To clarify, what I want to know is if the species has a ...
0 votes
0 answers
39 views

Anticoagulation of black beans extract

How many ml of lithium heparin do I need to use on 2 ml blood to prevent coagulation for over 15 minutes? I am comparing it to the 4 different dosages of black turtle bean extract that has polyphenols ...
0 votes
0 answers
80 views

Does your blood stop moving in between heart beats?

Does blood stop moving in between heart beats or does it move continuously?
-1 votes
2 answers
293 views

How many cells does a single blood cell generally visit in its lifespan?

Taking the point of view of a single RBC travelling through blood vessels, approximately how many cells will it affect throughout its lifetime? As blood tends to provide O2 as a whole, I am taking &...
1 vote
0 answers
49 views

How do the anti-D antibodies help prevent Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn? And why do they not act like the maternal antibodies?

I understand that this question has been asked a few times in the past, but the answers there didn't really explain to me why the Anti-D antibodies we introduce are able to prevent the hemolysis of ...
1 vote
1 answer
1k views

What Effect would Cannabinoids have on the Acute Porphyrias?

I should be clear in saying that this question is NOT intended for personal medical advice. Rather what I am looking for is journal articles and/or books that touch on this subject because I think it ...
10 votes
2 answers
11k views

How does aspirin "thin" blood?

As we all know, aspirin doesn't actually thin the blood, as it has been explained to me, it makes it "slippery". Slippery blood doesn't stick to itself hence this helps prevent internal blood clots (...
1 vote
1 answer
159 views

Why is only the donor's antigen seen during a blood transfusion?

I am a high school student and I am a little confused that why only donor's antigen matters during blood transfusion? for e.g if the donor's blood is O- so it means that it will antibodies against all ...
2 votes
1 answer
195 views

Wheatgrass in thalassaemia

In local newspapers there was a not so recent story about wheatgrass juice being "curative" in thalassaemia. Although I do not take the article at face value, it would be enlightening to know if there ...
-4 votes
1 answer
273 views

What exactly does my body do with oxygen? Why do I need it? [closed]

I know that my body and brain need oxygen in order to survive. If I stop breathing, my lungs (and blood) can't distribute oxygen to my body anymore, and I could get brain damage and die. What exactly ...
1 vote
1 answer
59 views

Why are basophils and eosinophils considered granulocytes?

I have read that granulocytes are a type of leukocytes that have granules (hence the name) visible by microscopy. But then there is something called a granulocyte/monocyte progenitor cell, which I ...
0 votes
0 answers
425 views

Why is heparin contraindicated in patients with severe uncontrolled hypertension?

Heparin is a parenteral anti coagulant- prevents clot formation by inhibiting factors 2 a and 10 a mainly. Now, patients with severe uncontrolled hypertension- have persistent bp of more than 140/90. ...
2 votes
0 answers
47 views

Vitamin B12 deficiency Megaloblastic anemic

I have two doubts regarding Megaloblastic anemia which shakes my mind (1) first is- I know that vitamin B12 is required for thymidine synthesis which is further required for DNA synthesis and so if ...
2 votes
0 answers
40 views

How does the negative charge on endothelium prevent blood coagulation?

I was reading about the factors that keep the blood inside the body in fluid state and came across a line in my book which states that, "Smoothness of the endothelium, its negative charge and its ...
6 votes
1 answer
4k views

Why are red blood cells not attacked by NK cells?

All cells containing a nucleus present MHC-I, while some specialized cells present MHC-II in addition to that. Since erythrocytes lack any MHC why do natural killer cells not attack them? It is my ...
-1 votes
1 answer
297 views

What is the time frame for coagulation of blood cells & the resulting separation of the cells and platelets from the plasma in a dead body?

I have had this subject come up repeatedly in the context of a discussion about death and how it affects the body. I found this statement, which is typical of the common understanding among non-...
2 votes
2 answers
3k views

Could bone marrow transplants help make xenotransplants viable?

So the immune system doesn't calibrate (for want of a better euphemism) to recognize it's own cells until fairly well along in fetal development & the major components of the immune system (...
1 vote
0 answers
155 views

What is the water content of avian blood?

I'm doing a work about heavy metal contamination in seabirds. I have found that the toxic threshold for Cu in blood is 1,15 μg/g wet weight. That number refers to an average between some seabirds. I ...
-4 votes
1 answer
54 views

is blood anaerobic? [closed]

I was wondering if anyone knows whether there is free molecular oxygen in the blood? My reasoning would be that oxygen is too reactive to be left alone in the blood, that's why it is transported in a ...
1 vote
0 answers
38 views

What is the relationship between the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin and the maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂ max) of the human body?

I was curious about whether any of the numerous documented human hemoglobin variants conferred a quantifiable athletic advantage but the only thing I've found of any relevance is the relative oxygen ...
1 vote
0 answers
42 views

Why don’t bone marrow donations harm the donor in the long term?

I have googled about this, and the most I can really find is that donating bone marrow/blood stem cells is not harmful in the long run, but I want to know why and how much is really known about this. ...
1 vote
1 answer
64 views

Why are cells in blood smears undetectable after absorbing moisture?

I'm a student learning how to prepare blood films and today I was curious about something, so I performed an experiment. After preparing a thin blood smear and drying it (no staining), I took a look ...
5 votes
0 answers
141 views

What are these structures in blood from a nosebleed?

I decided to look at some blood from a nosebleed (not mine) under the microscope and took some pictures of the results. There many large orange structures interspersed within the blood cells and I'm ...
-4 votes
1 answer
135 views

Can a person survive without platlets in the bloodstream? [closed]

Can a person survive without platlets or thrombocytes in the bloodstream, if I guarentee that the person is isolated and won't injure? Any help will be appreciated. Thank you!
-2 votes
1 answer
58 views

Does alcohol really helps to get substances get faster into the bloodstream? [closed]

I saw the video where Arnold Schwarzenegger cooks some protein cocktail and adds Austrian Schnapps to the mix, saying that it's to make everything get faster to the blood. Is it true or some kind of a ...
2 votes
1 answer
3k views

Why I cannot find dendritic cells in blood smear?

According to many sources including Wikipedia, there are haematopoietic stem cell derived dendritic cells in the blood. figure 1 - haematopoietic cell lines - ref Despite of this, when I examine a ...
-5 votes
1 answer
54 views

Uranium based blood [closed]

Here's a hypothetical planet with complex, sapient life and a very weak magnetic field. Could they have Uranium-based blood, much as our blood is based on iron and crab's is based on copper? ...
3 votes
1 answer
149 views

How long does foreign DNA stay intact in human blood?

How aggressively is foreign DNA in blood targeted and degraded by the human body? I am asking because we have a metagenomics project where we want to detect parasite DNA in the human blood. The ...
3 votes
0 answers
618 views

What is blood pH for different animals?

So we all know that humans average blood pH is 7.4. But is it the same for the animals? I need examples of animals with the same blood pH as humans and the ones with different blood pH. I guess dogs ...

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