Hot answers tagged neuroscience
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There are certainly head-orientation cells (e.g. in the hippocampus). But neurons are reasonably immune to the kind of mild physical stresses that come from turning the head around; computing head orientation requires complex analysis of input from e.g. the visual system (optic flow) and vestibular system.
However, the electrical activity of muscles tends ...
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Not so empty, actually.
The human brain has a mass of ~1.5kg, and volume ~1200cc (a little bigger for men, a little smaller for women). So is heavier than water by a good margin.
While it has Cerebrospinal fluid, that only occupies the subarachnoid space (the space below the skull and above the cortex, contained between two layers: pia matter and arachnoid ...
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The author is likely referring to the mechanosensory behavior of bone (reviewed in Huang and Ogawa, 2010; lots of Google Scholar citations). Bone loading produces very tiny mechanical deflections (strain) which are translated into biochemical signals that promote bone growth through the action of osteoblasts. Burger and Klein-Nuland (1999) review possible ...
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There are both chemical and electrical synapses in many organisms. The electrical synapses are called gap junctions.
As you point out, the primary advantage of gap junctions is their speed, and they are commonly used in systems involving defensive reflexes.
However, as AndroidPenguin indicates, chemical synapses allow for greater computational abilities ...
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This is the coolest part. Those synapses are the reason the brain is so complex! Basically you've got the first part right, the neurones are quicker and they transmit messages from one end to the other. The other thing you have to do is analyse and calculate. Signals from multiple neurones feed into a single neurone using a chemical synapse. Similarly the ...
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Typically nerve compression or a "pinched" nerve is due to inflammation in the tissue through which a nerve passes. The gap is already quite narrow so any inflammation is quite potent. Inflammation causes you to feel things as more painful (hyperalgesia). In a similar way to how of you burn your hand then poke it, it hurts, when cells are damaged the ...
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I think it is because of light adaptation. The rods that are perceiving strong light, downregulate their response. But when the light is suddenly withdrawn then the rods that are adapted to perceive bright light cannot immediately sense dim light.
There are two forms of adaptation- fast and slow. The fast one is Ca²⁺ dependent- decrease in Ca causes cGMP to ...
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Shampoo contains surfactants, chemicals which cause lipids to emulsify. The cell membrane is composed primarily of phospholipids, which are vulnerable to action by surfactants. In fact, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS, often labelled SLS on shampoo bottles), an integral component of many shampoos is also used in the lab (albeit at substantially higher ...
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As to your main question, I imagine the Paul Allan Brain Atlas has what you're looking for. In 3D even.
Human Brain Map
D1 Receptor
D2 Receptor
Also comes in mouse flavored.
Offhand, I cannot be of assistance for the second question.
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Apologies for just referencing Wikipedia, but this is a very old bit of science.
The neuron gap junction - the point where the axon touches the next cell over - is 4 nanometers.
This is actually a controlled channel where the neuro transmitter molecules are transferred from one cell interior to another - its a controlled cellular - cellular channel so ...
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As AndroidPenguin described the nociceptive pathways are activated by inflammation or noxious chemicals.
Sometimes pain can arise independent of active nociceptive pathways. Most evident in cases of Neuralgia and perhaps in case of Pseudoneuromas.
In certain cases the injured nerve causes disinhibition of the pain pathways arising from the dorsal horn of ...
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