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Gasoline toxicity through ingestions seems to be a topic where there's not a great deal of in-depth information available. I don't know how this works for chronic use, as most literature refers to acute scenarios. Either way, orally ingested, 30-50g is said to be toxic to humans while 350g can be fatal.[3]. So... Gasoline's Constituents A lot of ...

The confusion arises from the term weak, which has only to be interpreted in chemical terms. Weak acid, as you say, just means that the acid does not readily dissociates, not that its effect are weak! Just to say one, HF corrodes glass, something that not even smoking HCl does. Wikipedia has a nice summary of HF toxicity (see also the references in the ...

I think its useful to say that nicotine is not very toxic to humans - cells don't die or get sick for typical smoking habits. Secondary health effects are possible, but here is a toxicological profiles. Nicotine is a toxin in large enough quantities and nicotine has an LD50 (lethal dose for 50% of individuals) of 0.5-1 mg Nicotine / kg of body weight. So ...

Yes. Taking antibiotics (and by extension antivirals and antineoplastics) at low doses is dangerous, as this creates an evolutionary pressure to evolve antibiotic resistance (or rather, incorporate through horizontal gene transfer). This is dangerous because an infection resulting from these bacteria will then be harder to treat. In the paper "Experimental ...

Just to add an answer to the 'how does the body process gasoline?' portion of the question, the liver and kidney would be doing most of the work of removing the stuff from the system once it was absorbed in the digestive tract. The liver does most of the processing of toxins and their removal from the blood and would tend to do the most work in removing ...

Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of n-hexane (>1,000 ppm) has resulted in decreased sperm count and degenerative changes in the testes of rats but not those of mice. Acute Data: Gasoline: Dermal LD50>5 ml/kg (Rabbit) LC50> 4500 ppm (Rat) Oral LD50= 18.75 ml/kg. (Rat) Carcinogenicity: Two year inhalation studies of wholly vaporized unleaded gasoline ...

The situation is definitely an extremely complex one, and you should probably forget about having an exact equation to define it. When talking about the effects of a substance on the organism there are several factors to take into account. These are generally put together under the term pharmacodynamics. Some of the factor to take into account are: The ...

As to the subject line, yes, lipid substances or any non-polar small molecule will enter the skin cells and the body below. The reason is because cell membranes simply consist of fatty substance that behaves like a solvent for other lipids. As to the specific question about this product, Monovin A. This is a veterinary product and the producer, Laboratórios ...

Nicotine acts as a ligand for nicotinic acetycholine receptors (nAChRs), which are ligand-gated ion channels normally activated by acetylcholine. This family of receptors is expressed in every mammalian cell (Schuller, 2009). A priori, at least to me, I'd suggest that it's a bad idea to chronically introduce a foreign substance that mimics the activity of an ...

Much like Daniel Standage suggests, I think "edible" is more inferried than defined, sort of like looking at a black hole - its absence is defined by the activity around it. Human bodies are capable of metabolizing lots of compounds that become poisonous pass some threshold. In medical terms there are LDmin and MLD and LD50: miminum Lethal Dose, Median ...

As far as I know, edibility (wow, I'm surprised that passes the spell checker!) is not a strictly defined term, biologically or otherwise. Humans have been around eating and drinking stuff long before the scientific method was around to study this question rigorously, and before there were regulatory agencies charged with approving new products as "safe." As ...

No. The influence of dose–response relationship on toxicity is one of the fundamental properties of (bio)chemistry, and follows directly from the fact that concentration influences the reaction rate: a chemical reaction between two or more agents is a stochastic process where agents have a certain chance of interacting based on physical proximity (and other ...

In humans, cysteine first fills the glutathione pool (which itself is a reservoir for cysteine, apart from reduction equivalents and biotransformation). Excess cysteine can go three ways, oxidation to sulfoalanine and further hypotaurine and taurine, via still unknown enzyme(s) degradation to lanthionine and toxic H2S degradation to serine and toxic H2S ...

This is a bit of a news flash - the answer is probably yes. Reading through recent Nature articles this one popped up: Toxicology the learning curve. Where there are some intriguing examples of low concentration only toxic effects. It might be worth a read. The preface gives a review of the idea, going back to the 16th century physician Paracelcius ...

After crossing the blood-brain barrier, toluene, along with other volatile anesthetic agents, had been previously thought to inhibit neuronal transmission by causing a change in membrane or membrane protein conformation. Recent research has shown that interactions with several key brain neurotransmitters, mainly γ-aminobutyric acidA (GABA), to a lessor ...

A quick search for a list of LD50 (median lethal dose; half of the people will die with that dosage) gave me 1 ng/kg for Botulinum toxin. This is pretty darn small amount, and in fact the smallest amount within that table.

If you ask Dr. Duke's phytochemical database, by far the most solanine is found in green potatoe fruits (their skin), with much less in leaves and tissues. Similar values are seen in green tomatoes, with dozens of mg per 100g fruit. There is no value for Solanum dulcamara (doesn't mean there is nothing in it) but it appears to have small quantities of ...

I think the best answer is right now would be Probably no, but we're not certain The question of non-monotonic dose-response is still being discussed and debated. You will find a good example of this at EFSA