It is common in biology to use a virus to deliver new genetic information to a cell. Such a virus is called a viral vector. Retroviruses can be used to enable the viral DNA to be incorporated into the cell's genome. Usually viral genes are removed, making the virus unable to replicate once the cell is infected 1. Using viral vectors in vivo to "correct" disease-causing genetic mutations is a commonly studied aspect to gene therapy 2.
For obvious reasons, people for years have been considering how genetic engineering and gene therapy may be used as a bioterrorism weapon, and ways to ensure our safety if it is used as a bioweapon 3.
1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK19423/
2 - https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/primer/therapy/procedures
3 - http://dujs.dartmouth.edu/2013/03/genetically-engineered-bioweapons-a-new-breed-of-weapons-for-modern-warfare/#.V1hdeJMrKN8