What I mean is, during long term potentiation (LTP) or long term depression (LTD) for a particular memory, do the strengthening and/or weakening of neuronal connections only occur in a small patch of neurons or regions spread out in the cortex?
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$\begingroup$ LTD and LTP happen at individual synapses (not even whole of neurons). However LTP/LTD at one synapse can affect others in the vicinity. $\endgroup$– WYSIWYGSep 27, 2016 at 7:26
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$\begingroup$ OK I meant something like when a single episodic memory episode is stored, is the memory stored in diffuse locations or rather localized? $\endgroup$– SorcererofDMSep 28, 2016 at 4:49
1 Answer
LTP and LTD are processes that operate on single synapses. We don't know how "memories" (there are several types of "memory") are encoded in the human nervous system. As a consequence, we don't yet understand the explicit link between some group of synaptically connected neurons, and a given memory.
So the short answer is "we don't know". Take a look at some of the other questions about memories in human brains: 1, 2