The background how I came up with this question derives from information theory so I am not sure that it will formulate it well.
What I am looking for it is the process how our brain forms patterns. Lets say I have word “Hello” (It is a complex example, but lets say that our brain is blank and sees it for the first time and somehow it can form only this pattern).
How our brain (neurons, synapse connections) “knows” that certain signals should be grouped and after “H” waits for “e” and “l” and so on.
Why it makes certain connection or just “cuts” and waits for new one.
As our brain is so complex, I am not looking for all scenarios how in could be influenced in terms of chemical neurotransmission, but I am looking for a basic principle of how it is done, i.e., how our brain manages to translate patterns into certain connections inside the brain.