Lactic acid fermentation is the most common type of fermentation among Eubacteria, and it's found on several genera.
Actually, regarding the fermentation types, we can say as a general rule:
- Ethanol fermentation: found in Plants and Fungi.
- Lactic acid fermentation: found in Bacteria and Animals.
That being said, according to the Todar's Online Textbook of Bacteriology,
Although many genera of bacteria produce lactic acid as a primary or secondary end-product of fermentation, the term Lactic Acid Bacteria is conventionally reserved for genera in the Order Lactobacillales.
And according to Lactic Acid Bacteria: Microbiological and Functional Aspects, Fourth Edition:
They [LAB] belong to the Phylum Firmicutes, Class Bacilli and Order Lactobacillales.
These genera are: Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Pediococcus, Lactococcus, Streptococcus, Carnobacterium, Enterococcus, Oenococcus, Tetragenococcus, Vagococcus and Weisella.
The problem here is that not all lactic acid producing bacteria are called a LAB. Therefore, Lactobacillales and LAB can be used interchangeably. However, you cannot say that all bacteria that perform lactic acid fermentation are LAB.
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