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Patient with left perinephric abcess which does not ruptured have reduced breath sound that is mostly due to plural effusion revealed by CT scan which was sterile. I found this called sympathetic effusion , Why it named as this and what is the mechanism behind it ?

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The left perinephric space is adjacent to the left subpleural space so inflammation can spread from the former to the latter.

Diaphragmatic inflammation then results in a left exudative sterile pleural effusion. It's called sympathetic since it's not infective.

https://radiopaedia.org/articles/perirenal-space

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1979032-clinical#b4

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