DNA response elements are DNA sequences that are could be found upstream, downstream of genes that regulate gene expression at the transcriptional level.
One type -Enhancers- bind specific transcription factors called activators, this binding leads to the bending of DNA, bringing the otherwise distal enhancer near the promoter region of the gene, leading to induced transcription.
My question is:
How and by what mechanism do enhancers induce and increase transcription rates? i.e how does the interaction between the activators and the transcription complex, increase transcription rates?