Questions tagged [cloning]
The process in nature or in the lab by which a new organism is created that is genetically identical to its predecessor.
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Ubiquitous overexpression line of a gene expressed higher gene expression in leaf but not in seeds
I tried to make ubiquitous overexpression lines of a gene using a constitutive promoter vector in plant. I got multiple regenerated plants through tissue cultures.
At T0, T1, T2 leaves tissues, the ...
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ddT-tailed TA cloning, and the fate of a double nicked plasmid in E. coli
In an undergraduate lab class on TA cloning, it was explained that ddNTPs are used as the substrate for terminal transferase when making the T overhangs of the vector. I was told this was to ensure ...
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Would two clones of the same person have identical palm flexion creases?
I'm trying to figure out if two clones of the same human who have grown up in the same environment would have identical, or at least very similar, palm flexion creases.
From what I understand, ...
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If we cloned an extinct animal, what would become of its gut biome?
If we cloned an extinct animal like the mammoth, what would become of its gut biome?
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How to avoid mutations when performing Gibson Assembly (or generating amplicons during PCR)
More often than desired (about 75 % of the time), when building plasmids via Gibson Assembly (~ 5 kb plasmids; from a maximum of 2 fragments) we obtain clones with several random point mutations all ...
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Why am I losing much more vector than insert DNA during RE cloning?
I've been cloning some inserts into a lentiviral vector (pBOB backbone) by RE digestion and blunting ends with T4 DNA polymerase.
After these steps, I usually load the digested product onto 0.7% ...
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Why does plasmid cloning efficiency go down with increased size of insert?
I am setting up a cloning experiment. Briefly, I ran PCR on a gene of interest, cloned it into a vector (pGemTeasy) and bulked it up in bacteria. I have been advised to limit the size of my fragment ...
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Why is cDNA usually lacking in terminal sequences of the template mRNA?
It appears from presentations I have attended that cDNA often lacks terminal sequences (usually 5′) which have not been copied from the mRNA. This puzzles me a lot, but I have not been able to find ...
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In traditional plant cloning, why do we require two different vectors (plasmids)?
So I was recently taught cloning in plants and I came to wonder what is the need to first put the gene of interest in the entry vector plasmid and then the final vector plasmid before finally ...
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Hierarchial and shotgun sequencing vs Massively Parallel Sequencing
Why is the cloning step unnecessary prior to sequencing with massively parallel sequencing (MPS; Illumina or similar technologies), when it is necessary for hierarchical and shotgun sequencing?
I know ...
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Use of plasmid pXen5 for transposon screening
I would like to use the plasmid pXen5 (by Xenogen) for a transposon screen.
It contains two inverted repeat sequences, with Luciferase, Kanamycin, and the transposase itself in between. (It's tn1409).
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Cloning in a large DNA fragment into a plasmid
I need to clone in a 30kb DNA fragment into my plasmid (~7kb).
Working with such a large fragment I have run into a few problems. The first was purifying it from the PCR mix used to amplify it out of ...
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Do PI-SceI and PI-PspI from NEB work in each other's buffers?
I'm considering a plasmid design strategy that would allow me to use restriction enzymes to exchange plasmid inserts among different backbones. In this case, the plasmids would first be made through ...
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Can someone explain DNA methylation reprogramming in simple terms to me?
From what I understand, one of the challenges of cloning is that the DNA methylation that is supposed to occur during embryonic development does not occur normally and this prevents natural gene ...
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Using PCR to add the overhangs to gBlocks for NEB HiFi
Does adding the overhangs to gBlocks for NEB Hifi using PCR pose a big problem? The IDT website suggests that one should design the gBlocks with the overhangs. However, if I did not do this, will it ...
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Sansevieria falling back to the wild form via leaf cuttings but not via micropropagation
I have heard that when you propagate Sansevieria via leaf cuttings, you get the wild form again. But if you use only meristem tissue, you can propagate the multicolored cultivated forms. What would be ...
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T-vector creation
I'm working on TA cloning for the first time and I need to turn some existing plasmid backbones into T-vectors. I'm using a Klenow fragment (3' -> 5' exo-) to dA-tail my inserts. Is there any ...
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Production of plant derivatives using genetic engineered micro-organisms
I saw a Thought Emporium video where spider silk was produced by genetically modifying yeast. I have also read about companies making vanillin (vanilla flavour) using this technique.
I am curious to ...
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What if target DNA doesn’t have restriction sites
All the examples on DNA cloning I have encountered have assumed that the target gene and vector both have compatible restriction sites at just the right locations (probably for ease of explanation). ...
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Calcium ions and bacterial transformation
What is the mechanism by which calcium ions and heat treatment allow the bacterial membrane to become permeable, allowing the uptake of plasmids?
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Alkaline Phosphatase and Ligase Protocol for Cloning
In the image the circular molecule is a restricted vector and the linear red molecule is a DNA insert.
I found this protocol in my lessons notes, but I don't understand how it is possible that ligase ...
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Plating 96-well bacterial transformations
I need to clone 96 different inserts into the same backbone in arrayed format. I am planning to perform Gibson assembly reactions in a 96 well plate, and then do chemical transformations in a 96 well ...
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Can Mung Bean Nuclease only digest a ssDNA 5' overhang?
Can Mung Bean Nuclease only digest a ssDNA 5' overhang, if the double-stranded region of DNA (20bp) is A-T rich at the ends?
Does this enzyme degrade 5' overhang (5bp or 30 bp) with 100% efficiency?
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Cloning using pET28a and Protein Expression in DH5alpha and BL21
Can someone please direct me to an e-resource or a book that will help a newbie like me learn in depth about Cloning using pET28a and Protein Expression in DH5alpha and BL21. Though I have done ...
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Why would a mammalian vector plasmid require an antibacterial resistance gene?
I have been trying to understand the composition of plasmids used in recombinant DNA cloning, such as this: https://www.genecopoeia.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/pReceiver-M35-051818.pdf
and I am ...
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Protecting an internal clevage site from restriction enzyme while cloning
2 restriction enzymes used to generate cohesive ends in a vector and foreign DNA(gene of interest you want to clone) also cuts the foreign DNA at an internal site. What are ways to overcome this?
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Is SCNT possible with only the nucleus of a somatic cell (rather than a whole somatic cell)?
The following figure from Life: The Science of Biology (11th edition) explains how SCNT (somatic cell nuclear transfer) was used in the cloning of Dolly:
(The original paper about cloning Dolly - ...
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Blood and hair follicles from 25 people put on the Moon; enough to regenerate a human population?
Discussion on the question Why were blood and hair follicles from 25 people put on the Moon? calls into question whether this is a stunt or might have any basis in science.
There's two parts to my ...
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What is the use of having a surrogate mother in animal cloning?
In animal cloning, an ovum is collected by an animal and processed to form an embryo after fusion, which is going to be inserted to a surrogate mother. So my question is that why can't the embryo be ...
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Unusual terminology of vector used
What is the significance of a+ in the name pET-28 a(+)? Is there any a- strain and differences between a,a+,a-?
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Why does one combine PCR and cloning as ways for amplification of sequences?
Why does one combine PCR and cloning as ways for amplification of sequences? Don't they produce the same result? I was reading the paper https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1864885/ and got ...
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What does it mean for a gametocyte to "reprogram" the genes inside of it?
I am aware that frequently clones have genetic defects not present in the donor organism, even though the two are genetically identical. The reason for this is that apparently the enclosing gametocyte ...
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If bacterial plasmid DNA is methylated then how do we digest it using restriction enzyme in cloning experiments? [duplicate]
So, I was reading about how bacteria protects its own DNA by methylation against restriction enzyme. But if the plasmid DNA is also methylated then we can't cut plasmid using restriction enzyme for ...
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If bacteria with recombinant DNA molecules do not survive in gene cloning, how they can be grown into a colony after being isolated?
This is as far as my understanding of gene cloning goes. Let's say that the plasimd (vector) in the bacteria contains an ampicillin resistence gene. Through restriction enzymes, the ampicillin ...
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Ligation without purifying insert
I am planning to insert a 45 bp sequence in a vector. After restricting my insert to create compatible sticky ends, I am finding no way to clean it up. Is there any way for cleaning this fragment ...
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How can seedless fruits not be GMO?
Biology is the closest I could find to botany on SE. Grafting can not occur naturally and so if a fruit does not have seeds there is no way it could reproduce in nature.
That logic makes complete ...
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Why is DNA polymerase added at the end of PCR reaction?
PCR reaction is used to amplify DNA fragment. Each reaction requires a DNA template, buffer, dNTP mix and a unique pair of primers, one ''forward'' primer and one ''reverse'' primer. The DNA ...
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use of antibiotics in selection of good plasmids
I have not understood the role of antibiotic medium in filtering the bacteria containing the recombinant plasmids with the ones having normal plasmids. Since all the plasmids of a certain bacterial ...
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Are clones less likely to be fertile?
I know that hybrid animals like mules are infertile. What about clones? Do cloned animals show the same fertility as their original?
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Will this strategy work for verifying successful cloning of a DNA fragment into a plasmid vector?
So I am in a bit of a time constraint. Essentially, I inserted a DNA fragment via molecular cloning which contains a unique RE site. I need to confirm whether my colony has or does not have the ...
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Thousands of Reporters Integrated in Parallel (TRIP) barcodes
Has anyone worked with constructing barcodes for TRIP? How does constructing of barcodes work in general? I don't seem to be able to grasp the basics of constructing these barcodes.
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Misuse of DNA leaks to create your clones, or children
Recently, sequenced DNA data leaks have been reported.
The linked article discusses possible risks like blackmailing based on health related data.
However there could be one more misuse, at least ...
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Are cloned spieces significantly more vulnereble to deseases than sexually reproducing species?
I would like to be able to compare the risk for species to go extinct implied by their reproduction mechanism in the very short term. Imagine we choose some species A that can reproduce both sexually ...
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Is it Theoretically Possible to Create a Male clone from the donor Cell of a Female?
I understand that Dolly the Sheep was created without the presence of a sperm cell. Instead, nucleus DNA from somatic cells of adult sheep were used. Since Dolly was female, i am assuming that the ...
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Which comes first, PCR or Gel electrophoresis?
If I want to find out wither a group of patients have the abnormal BCR-ABL cancer gene, how do I benefit from the PCR and the gel electrophoresis techniques? I'm kinda lost trying to determine which ...
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Are drones from one honey bee queen all clones?
The Honey Bee queen lays eggs that develop into worker bees (female) if she fertilizes the egg. If she does not fertilize the egg, it will develop into a drone (male).
The drone only has the queen'...
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Why is easy to clone cats but it's hard to clone dogs?
According to this article, Here is why we're not cloning humans
there are species who are easy to clone and other who are hard to clone. Cats and mices would be in the easy to clone set , and dogs and ...
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Isolating gene of interest from a large strand of DNA [closed]
I was always confused about this in class and never learned it fully.
So say you have 10,000 bp of DNA and you just want to isolate 100bp of specific region(gene of interest) using restriction enzyme. ...
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Can you Interrupt a promoter region by inserting another promoter region into it?
I currently have a plasmid (pFPV25.1) which contains a promoter region with multiple cloning sights in it. I would like to place a new promoter I have isolated, and I was wondering whether I could ...
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Cloning problem. Digestion test at the end of the cloning is always negative
I have a problem with my cloning, I'm trying to clone a 483 pb in a pSecTag vector with restriction sites HindIII and BamHI. Here are the procedures I'm doing:
• I introduce the restriction sites ...
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