The study of the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues.
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1answer
18 views
What is (are) the medium of conduction for an electrical current with an external source in the human body?
I am trying to get some background for some personal research I am doing into the effects of Electro Convulsive Therapy. I don't understand how electric current from an external household source, say, ...
1
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0answers
33 views
Is it possible to create a biological radio? [closed]
If someone had taken the genome for a basic single or multi-celled organism, and had the understanding of genetic code to write his own program, is it possible on a fundamental level to create the ...
1
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1answer
28 views
What is (roughly) the net charge of the DNA in an average human cell?
I was wondering about what general range for the net charge of DNA in human cells is in Coulombs. I imagine that kind of thing would be hard to measure but could be approximately calculated/estimated....
3
votes
1answer
33 views
Is the ACh receptor more permeable to sodium ions?
The AChR is permeable to sodium and potassium ions only and has a reversal potential of 0mV.
However the Nernst potentials for sodium and potassium ions is ~ +60mV and -88mV respectively. Taking a ...
3
votes
1answer
46 views
The information carried by nerve signals
Action potentials carry nerve signals in individual neurons and somehow encode information. My question is if it is possible to read that information carried by the nerve signal and feed it into a ...
1
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0answers
16 views
How to obtain normalised ECG given ECG readings across lead 1, 2, and 3?
I saw this youtube video on ECG readings and cardiac dipole vector locus of the heart across the three leads. Posting screenshots from it:
My question is how to obtain the graph (2nd image) from the ...
3
votes
1answer
73 views
Which kind of electrical brain activity is associated with consciousness and why?
According to this article The ethical brain
At the end of the week 5 into the 6 (42-43 days) the first electrical brain activity occurs in a pre-born developing human.
And according to the same ...
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0answers
31 views
A question about outside-out versus cell-attached measurements [closed]
I am studying for a neurophysiology exam and encountered the following question in an example from a previous (multiple choice) exam. Any ideas how to "attack" this question?
An outside-out ...
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2answers
88 views
Can the human body utilize electricity? [closed]
In any way could the body store electricity supplied externally?
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2answers
57 views
Are resonances the reason receptors work?
From Visual phototransduction - Wikipedia:
When struck by a photon, 11-cis retinal undergoes photoisomerization to all-trans retinal which changes the conformation of the opsin GPCR leading to ...
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0answers
579 views
Is there any danger in putting a magnet in your ear (next to your brain)
I recently bought some wireless earbuds that fit right in my ear, so they're very small.
But the method it uses for charging is magnetic, so it has magnets built into the earbud.
I was wondering if ...
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0answers
83 views
How much electricity can living cells endure?
What is the highest volts/amps that can run through living muscle continually over a long period of time not causing muscle interruption? Is there a safe level of electrical current that living cells ...
7
votes
1answer
131 views
Why Goldman Equation cannot be used to calculate dynamic changes of membrane potential
I'm reading about Goldman Equation and I've seen in some resources that it calculates the resting potential (not membrane potential in general) and that this equation cannot be used when membrane ...
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1answer
60 views
Difference between spiking and firing
In the article "A Topological Paradigm for Hippocampal Spatial Map
Formation Using Persistent Homology" by Y. Dabaghian, F. Mémoli, L. Frank, G. Carlsson I read some sentences with huge ...
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0answers
21 views
Can there be multiple EPSPs with constant current injection to a neuron?
I am performing a current clamp experiment and measuring the change in membrane potential of a neuron with different current injections. A constant current of 50pA is injected to the neuron for 100ms. ...
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0answers
10 views
Basics of Electrotropism
Can someone suggest a good material/source(preferably texts) for learning the basics of Electrotropism.?
4
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1answer
88 views
What is the point in the Neuromuscular Junction?
Surely a direct connection (i.e. an electrical synapse) between motor neurone and the sarcolemma would allow for much faster neuromuscular transmission? It is my understanding that chemical synapses ...
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1answer
22 views
How much electrical energy is required for intracellular stimulation of a neuron?
How much electrical energy is required for intracellular stimulation (firing) of a human neuron? Electrical energy is measured in joules, and equal to voltage multiplied by current. If you don't know ...
5
votes
3answers
115 views
Can neurons be inhibited with electric current?
It is well known the electricity can be used to fire neurons. But can it be used to inhibit neuronal firing? This is in the context of extracellular stimulation. In extracellular stimulation, it is ...
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1answer
88 views
Mathematical relationship between membrane conductance and conduction velocity?
By what factor would the myelin need to decrease membrane conductance (gm) if you wanted conduction velocity in a 10 μm myelinated mouse axon to be 100 times faster than in a 10 μm unmyelinated mouse ...
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1answer
31 views
Why do house geckos take so long to react?
This is the Common house gecko found abundantly where I live.
I've been observing this for quite long and I used to ignore it after thinking on it for a short while. Today I decided to write this ...
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1answer
63 views
At what point do scientists consider something sentient vs random and/or genetic? [closed]
When I was thinking about sentience from a scientific point of view, I was confused about the bio-electric mental difference between a paramecium, dog, human, and supercomputer.
At what point does ...
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votes
1answer
44 views
single units vs ensemble recording for signal detection
I would like to know, when looking (in vivo electrophysiology) at response properties (latency, magnitude) in response to sensory stimuli, is there any advantage to looking at single units over ...
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0answers
111 views
Faraday cages - plants not growing inside.
This guy, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pcVBBaxnnN4 on his channel has many videos showing that plants are mutating/not growing when put inside a Faraday cage.
Has anyone got any scientific ...
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0answers
8 views
Which ICs can I use to amplify electrical signals from plants?
I wanted to record variation potential and action potential generated in plants due to some stimulus. So which are the ICs that I can use for the amplifying the signals and what kind of experimental ...
4
votes
1answer
376 views
Why nerve fibre is infatiguable?( is my conjecture correct?)
According to this:
A nerve fibre cannot be fatigued, even if it is stimulated for a long time. This property of infatiguability is due to absolute refractory period.
How is refractory period ...
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0answers
52 views
What underlying electrophysiological mechanism is measured in an EMG?
I'm wondering what exactly the electrophysiological mechanism underlying the EMG is. Is it the calcium ion release? I have heard that an EMG is always a bipole as charge cannot be created in the body, ...
2
votes
0answers
91 views
What is the standard electrode potential of human blood?
Healthy humans have a pH of around 7.4 (slightly basic.) But if you hooked up the blood as a battery how much electric voltage would one generate, what is the standard electrode potential?
This seems ...
3
votes
1answer
120 views
Why summation takes place at Initial segment?
I know that many EPSPs summate at initial segment to produce action potential.
But I don't understand why if EPSP can travel from dendrite to initial segment, then why it doesn't travel further?
...
6
votes
1answer
63 views
Shouldn't recording electrode have as low resistance as possible?
Following quote is from this wikipedia page on single unit recording.
Intracellular single unit recordings require electrodes be inserted through the cell membrane to record from within the cell. ...
4
votes
0answers
76 views
How much current is required to stimulate a neuron?
Extracellular stimulation of neural tissue is done using electrode. Amount of current determines neurons how far from the electrode will be excited. How much current is required to stimulate the ...
2
votes
0answers
32 views
How the electrons from electrode play a role in stimulating the neuron?
I am trying to understand how a neuron fires action potential after being stimulated via electrode (extracellular stimulation). GHK equation gives the membrane potential,which is -70 mV when neuron is ...
1
vote
0answers
38 views
What is the resistance of a single human cell? [closed]
What is the resistance of a single human cell? I know different cells will have different values, some examples would suffice. I did not find any such information on the internet.
5
votes
1answer
167 views
How do plants store energy by potassium battery?
Plants have a so-called potassium battery system for energy storage/conversation. Wikipedia only has a reference to a technical article. Can someone explain it in a layman's language (or refer to a ...
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1answer
57 views
What voltage damages a neuron or a group of neurons?
Neurons are stimulated for research and therapy purposes. How much voltage (current, duration, etc) can a neuron or a group of neurons, in humans, take without being damaged?
5
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1answer
125 views
Organic battery?
Similar to the Matrix movie where humans were used as a source of electricity but different by using electric eels. Farmed like tuna what would be the electricity exchange to the food they eat?
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0answers
130 views
Are Sharks able to detect electromagnetic waves using their Electroreception ability?
I will include some publications and links that may help. I could not concluded an answer with my limited knowledge on the subject.
Shark Passive electroreception sensitive to low frequency (below 50 ...
4
votes
1answer
2k views
Sodium concentration during action potential generation
At the peak of the graph, is the concentration of Na+ outside the cell more than inside? That must be to overcome the electrical force in the opposite direction.
When is the concentration of Na+ ...
2
votes
0answers
39 views
On Deformation of the body due to dipole orientation in the cells [closed]
Our bodies are made up of billions of atoms and molecules, and each cell has many molecules with dipoles that are initially random and orient themselves in one specific direction when an electric ...
2
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0answers
43 views
Ion channels affected by gravity
In the literature I have found that action potentials behave differently when gravity is changed (cannot access fully).
Action potential properties are gravity dependent.
http://link.springer.com/...
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0answers
22 views
State of voltage gated sodium channels in depolarised potentials
Case 1
We learn in Physiology that during the depolarization phase in the membrane, more sodium channels tend to open as the membrane potential increases i.e., less negative. This is a kind of ...
4
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0answers
469 views
Why is the resonance frequency of a neuron defined by peak impedance?
I'm relatively new to the field of electrophysiology, so if anything is unclear or incorrect, please let me know.
One thing that continues to confuse me throughout my reading is the property of ...
4
votes
1answer
54 views
Why does the nerve action potential needs potassium?
When looking at the action potential generation I do not understand why potassium is needed. I know that potassium is used to repolarize the cell. But why are sodium channels and/or sodium pumps not ...
6
votes
1answer
461 views
Can There Be Two Simultaneous Opposite Running Action Potential in One Axon
Can two action potential travel in the opposite directions simultaneous in an axon?
My answer would be affirmative. If the propagation mechanism is linear as described by https://en.wikipedia.org/...
2
votes
3answers
80 views
Why Is Action Potential Propagation Not Described by Telegrapher's But Cable Equation?
In modelling the propagation of action potential in an axon, why is the partial differential equation the cable equation rather than the telegrapher's equation? The difference between the two is that ...
4
votes
1answer
99 views
Continuous EEG: Where does pronounced power peak at 38 Hz come from?
I'm pretty new to EEG analysis. I measured EEG on six scalp positions over night. When I plot the power of the frequencies, I get the following:
What I want to explain (and didn't manage to) is the ...
2
votes
0answers
28 views
Potential between endolymph/cytoplasm and endolymph/perilymph [closed]
I am studying for an exam and there is something I can't seem to understand. My textbook says that the endolymph contains 150mM potassium, 2mM Na+ and 130mM Cl-. The perilymph contains 5mM potassium, ...
2
votes
1answer
68 views
Minimal viable EEG equipment for dissertation research on BCI / BMI
I am planning out a dissertation study of Brain-computer Interface (a.k.a. Brain-machine Interface, BCI, BMI, etc) applications.
One of the 3 papers in that dissertation will involve collecting ...
6
votes
3answers
3k views
What are tail currents?
This is a voltage clamp on an ion channel. When the voltage is stopped there is a still a current at the end (the tail current). I understand that the gates aren't completely closed because of which ...
1
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0answers
36 views
Measuring, using and analyzing skin resistance in kohms
What are ballpark ranges of skin resistance in Kohms for average men and their significance (for example 500-1000s = stressed vs 1000+ = fairly relaxed)
What do various skin resistances in kohms say ...
