Questions tagged [eukaryotic-cells]
Organisms whose cells contain organelles, complex structures enclosed within membranes, in particular a nucleus.
69
questions
0
votes
1
answer
44
views
What happens if a lysosome is pierced and it's enzymes are made to get released
I am confused the results be same as it happens when lysosome gets damaged during some metabolic activity or different . If same the cell will die by the actions of those hydrolytic enzymes slowly or ...
1
vote
1
answer
35
views
Are all unicellular eukaryotic organisms protists?
I know that the Protists are in Domain Eukarya, and that some protists are unicellular. Are there any other eukaryotic group of creatures that are not protists that are unicellular?
0
votes
1
answer
480
views
What is the difference between a macrophage and dendritic cell?
I am aware that both these cells (monocytes) are phagocytes and are able to present antigens upon their own Class II - MHC integral proteins.
Other than their difference in structure (size and shape), ...
4
votes
0
answers
55
views
How can I easily distinguish between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells using flow cytometry?
I am trying to count populations of cells in a co-culture. One organism is Pichia pastoris and the other organism is a gram-negative bacterium. Pichia stains gram-positive using crystal violet and the ...
0
votes
1
answer
208
views
What is bacterial (prokaryotic) cell division called?
Eukaryotic asexual cell division is sometimes referred to as mitosis, although this is more strictly used to refer to the specific stage at which “the replicated chromosomes separate into two new ...
3
votes
0
answers
45
views
What is the "anatomy" of transcriptional regulation in Archaea?
I want to know what are the DNA elements that are recognized by transcription factors in Archaea and so what is the "anatomy" of transcriptional regulation in this case.
I found in this ...
0
votes
0
answers
43
views
"Free space" volume in the nucleus
Take a mammalian cell, say a HeLa cell for concreteness. If a molecule (e.g. a transcription factor) enters the nucleus, what is the effective volume that it can explore/access there by free diffusion?...
3
votes
0
answers
26
views
What is the difference between apoptosis caused by the release of enzymes from the electron transport chain vs that from the lysosome?
I know that the mitochondria is responsible for regulating apoptosis via release of enzymes from the electron transport chain. I believe that the release of hydrolytic enzymes from a lysosome is how ...
2
votes
0
answers
40
views
Are there any barriers to telomere sequencing other than length?
In the comments to an answer on this question, it was noted that long read sequencing methods (e.g., from PacBio or Oxford Nanopore) have largely eliminated repeat-based assembly problems for bacteria....
6
votes
1
answer
142
views
Why are Chromosome Territories important?
Chromosomes occupy discrete regions of the nucleus, referred to as 'Chromosome Territories'. This spatial organization is emerging as a crucial aspect of gene regulation and genome stability in health ...
2
votes
2
answers
979
views
In plant cells, is water stored only in the vacuole?
In the turgor of plant cells, is water stored only in the vacuole or can it be stored in the cytoplasm and the other cellular organs too?
0
votes
0
answers
24
views
About genomic imprinting
In the context of genomic imprinting, how does a human cell "know" whether a chromosome is paternal or maternal(out of a homologous pair), in order to silence genes?
-2
votes
2
answers
303
views
Why is a cell in anaphase (without a nuclear envelope) be considered as a eukaryotic cell?
Can anyone shed some light on this? All I can think of is that it has something to do with the chromosomes being paired
0
votes
1
answer
134
views
Do larger unicellular eukaryotic organisms have larger organelles?
It seems that many of the giant unicellular eukaryotic organisms (size 1mm and above) are multinucleate but there are some with a single nucleus as well (the genus of Acetabularia). My question is: do ...
0
votes
0
answers
44
views
Need either a [similar] ribosome to the following few | a heuristic for finding [similar] macromolecule given 20 others
Background :
Hi! I am running a small experiment dealing with structural heterogeneity of the ribosome, actually of ribosomes across all domains of life. It's entirely computational: I get cryoEM ...
0
votes
0
answers
169
views
Can plasmodial slime molds be infected by virus?
According to the definition, plasmodial slime mold consist of a "single cell" with thousands of nuclei. How would such a unique type of cell response to viral infection (if any)? Google search yield ...
1
vote
1
answer
59
views
What happens to embedded membrane proteins after a vesicle is formed?
When an animal cell is going through endocytosis it cell surrounds a food particle, and the membrane swallows it, creating a vesicle within the cell.
However, what happens to the embedded ...
1
vote
0
answers
39
views
How many different chemical substances are there (on the average) in a human cell?
How many different chemical substances are there (on the average) in a human cell?
I saw of an estimation of ~ 1 billion (10^9) in sci-pop books.
Is there any reliable estimation rooted in the ...
1
vote
0
answers
19
views
What renders a cytoplasm basophilic?
I know that being basophilic or acidophilic corresponds to affinity to certain dyes used in microscopy.
What i want to know is what characteristics of the cytoplasm can we infer from its basophilic ...
0
votes
1
answer
528
views
Did Plant Cells Evolve from Animal, Protist, or Fungal Cells?
I know protists and animals preceded plants but I am unaware of when fungi arose in relation to plants. At the moment, I cannot find a resource stating how plants evolved from existing kingdoms, or ...
2
votes
1
answer
488
views
DNA replication - how many times and when does it occur?
I’m currently learning about DNA replication in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. And my lecturer has mentioned that replication is a once in a lifetime activity. And I’m not sure what this is ...
0
votes
1
answer
255
views
L-selectin in white blood cells
The white blood cells' function is mainly to fight off external antigens. However, another one of its traits is its ability to bind to vascular endothelial cells with the help of L-selectin. What is ...
-1
votes
1
answer
5k
views
Why are the cells the smallest unit of life? [closed]
Please Tell me why the cells are called the smallest unit of life. According to me I know that they are called so because they are smallest entity which is alive that is they show the properties of ...
1
vote
1
answer
2k
views
How long does each of the stages in meiosis take?
For each stages of meiosis (i.e. Interphase, Prophase I, ...), I wanted to know the time between each stages either in percentages or minutes. However, while I could find the cell cycle for mitosis ...
-1
votes
1
answer
156
views
Neutral genetic mutations in eukaryotic cells [closed]
Why are most mutations in eukaryotic cells neutral? i.e. have no effect on the phenotype.
0
votes
1
answer
196
views
Is this sentence about RER correct on Wikipedia?
While studying about Endoplasmic Reticulum on Wikipedia, I came across this sentence
A ribosome only binds to the RER once a specific protein-nucleic acid complex forms in the cytosol. This special ...
4
votes
2
answers
460
views
Why do mitochondria have a phospholipid bilayer?
So, a thought came up and I couldn't find all that much info online, so I thought I'd ask some professionals here!
The endosymbiont theory states that: mitochondria came to be ingested by bigger ...
3
votes
1
answer
3k
views
Why is translation so much faster in prokaryotes than eukaryotes?
Prokaryotes perform transcription and translation much faster than eukaryotes. If memory serves, a single 70S prokaryotic ribosome can incorporate around 20 amino acids per second, whereas the 80S ...
1
vote
1
answer
70
views
Are there differences between the activation proteins of Eukaryotes and those of Prokaryotes
I'm in BIO 203 (for reference to my skill level), and I noticed the textbook makes a whole section out of transcriptional activator proteins, their function and applications in eukaryotes, but in ...
1
vote
1
answer
46k
views
What organelles are in an onion cell?
I was wondering what organelles are in an onion cell, because, based on the labs we are doing in my biology class, I only saw a nucleus and cell wall. My friends and brother say there are all the ...
0
votes
1
answer
379
views
Why is the rough ER necessary to make extracellular proteins? [closed]
It is my current understanding that free ribosomes synthesise proteins to be used inside the cell, and the rough endoplasmic reticulum is necessary to make proteins that are to be secreted by the cell....
1
vote
1
answer
1k
views
How do you differenciate between the eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
I wonder how we differentiate between the eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
Eukaryotes:
Eukaryotes (also spelled "eucaryotes") comprise animals, plants, and
fungi—which are mostly multicellular - as ...
2
votes
0
answers
186
views
Difference in multicellularity between prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms
As most prokaryotic organisms are single-celled, and in eukaryotic organisms this is the reverse, is there some evolutionary advantage that led to these features evolving? Or is it purely the fact ...
2
votes
0
answers
79
views
What attaches plant cells to the cell wall?
In animal cells integrins span the plasma membrane and attach the cell membrane to the extracellular matrix. I was wondering how are plant cells attached to the cell wall? Is it just the middle ...
1
vote
0
answers
142
views
Plants and Specialised Cells
Would the number of specialised cells in a leaf decrease if the plant was located in a shadier area? I thought it would decrease as there would be no need to store as much food in the plant and that ...
0
votes
1
answer
112
views
How Mitochondria differs from Prokaryotes(probably regarding energy production)? [closed]
In other words, what evolutionary advantage is offered by mitochondria to eukaryotes(probably regarding energy production), which prokaryotes themselves cannot evolve or do?(here I am assuming that ...
0
votes
1
answer
1k
views
How much DNA do humans have?
A normal human body has approximately 3 billion base pairs. Given that humans have 10 trillion cells, how is that the number of base pairs of DNA is less than the number of cells? It can happen only ...
8
votes
2
answers
648
views
What is the function of multiple nuclei in syncytial cells?
What is the function of multiple nuclei in syncytial cells specially in protists with cilia? Is multiple nuclei a special characteristics of only ciliated cells?
2
votes
1
answer
145
views
How does repair take place on leading strand in eukaryotes?
I am currently reading molecular biology of the gene by Watson to develop an understanding of the mechanism of replication and repair.
Under the topic mismatch repair of DNA, they mentioned that ...
4
votes
3
answers
2k
views
Haploid eukaryotes?
I was wondering whether there are any eukaryotes which never have a diploid phase. I can't think of any. Fungi have diploid stages, and I know any sexually reproducing organisms will have at least ...
4
votes
1
answer
1k
views
How did the nucleus of eukaryotic cells evolve?
What is/are the most popular theory/theories on how the nucleus evolved?
I know mitochondria came from alpha-proteobacteria, chloroplasts from cyanobacteria and that eukaryotes evolved directly from ...
20
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Did the Great Oxygenation Event also cause a mass extinction?
It's usually assumed that the Great Oxidation Event around 2.3 billion years ago caused a great extinction of anaerobic life on earth. However, I was reading Nick Lane's book, The Vital Question, and ...
1
vote
1
answer
11k
views
What are chiasmata?
I have a confusion in understanding what chiasmata are. My ‘NCERT’ book says ‘The beginning of diplotene is recognised by the dissolution of synaptonemal complex and the tendency of the recombined ...
5
votes
1
answer
32k
views
Why are plant cells rectangular and animal cells spherical shaped?
Is that because the plant cells have cell walls and animal cells don't, or is there a function performed by the different shapes? Perhaps round shapes assist the movement of cells?
4
votes
0
answers
92
views
Do eukaryotes assimilate DNA that is floating in the extracellular membrane?
Prokayotes, which replicate primarily using binary fission, don't get much genetic diversity. For this reason, they take in any genetic material they encounter, in a gambit to help them better adapt ...
1
vote
1
answer
703
views
Why did eukaryotic cells develop? [closed]
If eukaryotic cells can survive in extreme conditions, then why are their still prokaryotic organisms?
3
votes
2
answers
3k
views
What determines whether the maternal or paternal allele is expressed?
I am taking cell biology and have this question:
During the process of gene expression, it is possible to express either the maternal allele or the paternal allele.
When and how is the determination ...
2
votes
1
answer
3k
views
Chemoautotrophic eukaryotic cells?
There are heterotrophic prokaryotes, and there are autotrophic prokaryotes. In the autotrophic prokaryotes category, there are photoautotrophic prokaryotes and chemotrophic prokaryotes.
Are there ...
21
votes
2
answers
2k
views
Could viruses be used as antibiotics?
Could we use viruses that only affect bacteria to act as antibiotics?
The more bacteria, the more times the virus divides, so the stronger it gets. Is this practical?
14
votes
2
answers
40k
views
Linear and Circular DNA
So school has taught us that eukaryotes have DNA that is linear and inside of a membrane - called the nucleus. And that prokaryotes have circular DNA that is free floating inside of the cell.
We ...