Questions tagged [gene]
The basic unit of heredity which encodes some functional RNA or protein.
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Relationship between TADs and supergenes
I need to investigate the architecture of supergenes. If someone is familiar with the topic (TADs and supergenes) could you please send me some links to articles covering this topic?
Already did ...
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What is the most accurate polygenic score for Alzheimer’s disease?
To date, which polygenic score (i.e. which study) has produced the largest effect size for Alzheimer’s prediction in out-of-sample validation?
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What gene does the RAN-2 antigen correspond to?
In many papers, immunopanning is performed against RAN-2, which stand for "rat neural antigen-2" (some examples). It seems to have been first described by Bartlett and colleagues in 1981 and ...
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Gene Name Finding
X8HS20 - please help, I am not able to find the proper name or function of this gene in any database - can someone kindly help to figure out what it is ? I hypothesize that it is some gene of ...
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How to generate pathway fingerprints of drugs?
I have studied a paper that constructs the pathway fingerprint of a drug, which has a vector of $0$ and $1$, and they compare the pathway fingerprint using a similarity measure to assess how similar ...
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How do i find and download targets of drugs which are in DrugBank?
Recently, I am focused on drugs and their interactions. But since I am new in this field, using experts experience would help me a lot. I have downloaded DrugBank xml file from DrugBank website and ...
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What is the exact definition of a "gene"?
(In this question, I'm only considering the molecular-biology notion of a gene, not the older Mendelian notion.)
Wikipedia defines a "gene" as "a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is ...
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What really is an allele?
My textbook says:
genes which code for a pair of contrasting traits are known as alleles.
Then that means T and t are alleles. Further, it says:
Mendel also proposed that in a true breeding, tall ...
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What actually causes temporal isolation
Temporal isolation is caused when members of the same species are available to reproduce at the same time. How is such a phenomenon even possible, is it caused by mutations which lead to a certain ...
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How to name this bacterial gene when running out of letters?
There's a gene in some bacteria that I have to name.
My (very limited) understanding is that for bacteria, naming conventions are based a lot on Demerec et al. 1966 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/...
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Do we need to underline the name of a gene while handwriting?
While teaching about the cry genes and the Cry proteins in Biology class, my teacher told us that the names of genes are always written in lowercase and should be italicized, and the name of protein ...
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Why is SF3B3 gene annotation missing in chm13_v2 gff3 file, and is it temporary?
In the annotation gff3 provided for CHM13 v2, I noticed that for the SF3B3 gene there's no entry with type "gene" (third column).
However, transcripts and other annotations are still ...
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What motivates an organism to reproduce? [closed]
What is the biological factor (gene or something else in case of humans) which motivates an organism to reproduce?
By reproducing the evolutionary success of an organism increases. But why would an ...
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Herbicide resistant crop plants
Consider the above multiple choice question. I can't seem to understand why the answer is B. How does genetically modifying the crop plant have any effect on the weeds?
The way I understand genetic ...
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Where can I find the exact base pairs for a specific gene, e.g. SRY (sex determining region Y)?
Per a quora answer, the Sex-determining Region Y (SRY) gene contains 14 bp. I searched the gene on NIH and genenames and get just the info about the gene itself.
Where can I find those exact 14 base ...
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Is TTGATATAT a gene?
Biologists use the sequence of letters A, C, T and G to model genomes. A gene is a substring of a genome that begins after the three-character ATG and ends before the three-character TAG, TAA, and TGA....
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Is there a risk that genetically modified organisms displace genes of other species via horizontal gene transfer?
It is known that species can rely on certain genes to survive. See for example this publication.
An argument often made by environmental groups is that genes introduced by genetically modified ...
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What is "Correlation of growth" according to Darwin and was he correct about it according to modern science?
What are the views that modern biologist have on Correlation of growth? I need some clarification on statement that I'm gonna mention below as well that is it reason to that as mentioned here: "...
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Do homologous chromosomes have same rates of gene expression in a cell?
I was googling around and found only articles related to XY differences in expression. Can you please clarify if homologous genes/chromosomes have about the same levels of expression in a cell or one ...
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Do some plant proteins have no domains?
I've always been under the impression that all proteins consist of at least one domain (with the exception of intrinsically disordered proteins). However, I've come across some things which challenge ...
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Using the law of independent assortment, why can't heterozygous parents make identical twins?
In a case where two parents are heterozygous, why can't any pairs of their children be identical twins? As the question asks, I tried to explain this using the law of independent assortment, which ...
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How many genes of an individual are homozygous?
We have 20000 to 25000 protein-coding genes. Considering an individual, how many of his\her protein-coding genes are homozygous? I am looking for an estimation of gene homozygosity ratio in human ...
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Could someone explain how chromosomes are counted here?
I'm not sure how chromosomes are counted in this picture. I would reason that there would be 8 chromosomes in the diploid cell, but that doesn't seem to be the case. Could someone explain?
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If the AraC protein was a gene repressor when it binds arabinose, would there be high or low transcription levels when arabinose is present? [closed]
If the AraC protein were to function as a gene repressor when it binds arabinose, would there be high or low transcription levels when arabinose is present?
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Is it possible to fuse DNA from two sperms and can a baby be born from that? [closed]
If this is possible, then isn't there going to be a chance to have a YY child?
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How often are diseases caused by more than a single mutation of a gene?
Many genetic diseases are caused by mutations in a gene and often, it is a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) that has dramatic consequences (e.g. the E6V hemoglobin mutation in sickle cell disease)....
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Is there any way siblings could be related more than 3/4th siblings, but less than full siblings?
I couldn’t find anything on Wikipedia. 3/4th siblings are 37.5% related while full siblings are 50% related. Is there anything in between?
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Can one mouse gene have multiple human orthologs?
I was trying to map a mouse gene: Arfgap1 to it's human ortholog. Uniprot shows there are two human orthologs of this gene:
https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/?query=yourlist:...
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What is targeted gene disruption?
I am a bit confused about what targeted gene disruption means. I was reading this article in which they compare the Pyrococcus Furiosus genome with a genetically tractable strain P. Furiosus variant ...
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What are the causes of gene amplification in archaea?
I was studying this article about Genome Sequencing of a Genetically Tractable Pyrococcus furiosus Strain Reveals a Highly Dynamic Genome in order to try to extrapolate some features that could ...
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What is the map unit between the genes?
While doing some biology I came across this question:
The following tables present results of plant crosses involving two linked genes: S is a seed-color gene, and L is a plant-height gene. Each gene ...
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What is the probability of having a son with blood type O? [closed]
So I was solving some biology questions, and this question left me confused. The response is supposed to be 22% according to the answers, but all the methods that I used did not lead me to it. I ...
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Genomic library preparation: Why does the restriction enzyme not cut into the gene?
I am currently trying to understand creating a genomic library more profoundly. In most textbooks I read (as well as wikipedia), they mentioned that the genomic library is created by isolating the DNA ...
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Can a strand not be synthesised in 5' -> 3' direction?
I've been solving some biology questions, and according to one of them ( I have the responses too) the following phrase is false:
"Both strands are always synthesised in the 5' to 3' direction.&...
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What is a good book to start with if I'm interested in Gene clustering analysis?
As a beginner, I would like to learn more about gene clustering analysis, namely discovering groups of correlated genes potentially coregulated or associated to some conditions or finding patterns in ...
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How do gene locations change during crossing over events?
Suppose you have two variants from the same species, which have slightly different chromosomes I's to each other. Genes may be in slightly different positions on the chromosome, and the lengths of the ...
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Why is the start of my coding sequence ATG and not TAC?
I am engineering a set of genetic sequences and have come across a surprisingly basic point of confusion that seems to have fallen through the cracks regarding coding sequences.
The standard start ...
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What is the difference between non-coding and intergenic regions?
The initial question was about understanding what is in the downstream of a gene in a eukaryotic organism. I understand that this region is located 3' of a gene, and therefore I would expect to find ...
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Deviation from Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (HWE)
I have a set of 10 genes, each gene contains around 15 SNPs. I have tested the deviation from Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) for all SNPs. All of the SNPs didn't deviate from HWE, except 5 SNPs in ...
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Is there a term for the opposite of intergenic?
I am looking for a term that describes DNA regions that overlap genes, i.e., non-intergenic DNA regions.
For example, say I am writing a paper about DNA-binding sites (i.e., DNA sequences that ...
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Should I consider one or two DNA chains to find how many nucleotides are in a gene?
I am trying to solve an exercise.
How many nucleotides does a gene contain if information about 287 amino acids is encoded in it? What is the molecular mass and length of this gene?
AFAIK, I have to ...
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What is the impact of selection on orthologous and paralogous genes? How would this impact differ in different regions of protein coding genes?
Since paralogs increase the size of the genome and provide more opportunity for the evolution of novel characteristics, would they be more prone to selection?
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What is the definition of gene, genotype and phenotype, pre and post DNA?
i know that the definition of gene is a unit of heredity, also a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that gets copied to RNA and then proteins. Genotype is the genetic composition of an individual ...
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Microarray experiment validation meaning
I have a quick question: what does microarray experiment validation mean ?
I was reading a paper in which they say that the data of the experiment show that the 3 genes radB, dp1 and dp2 are co-...
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Is the mRNA produced constant during time?
I am doing a statistical data analysis of a dataset of P. Furiosus cells exposed to gamma radiation.
For the samples exposed to gamma radiation, I have the values of mRNA produced over time. For the ...
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Is there a negative correlation between the mRNA produced by the cell and the time of extraction? [closed]
I am doing some data analysis about gene expression time series. When I plot mRNA produced by P. Furiosus cells irradiated by gamma radiation against the time of extraction, it seems that there is a ...
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Convert fasta to ascii?
Is there an algorithm or tool to convert a fasta sequence file (such as the file linked below) into an ascii file for the purpose of gene synthesis?
https://www.rcsb.org/fasta/entry/6EQJ
To the best ...
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What is the word for a group of genes inherited together?
I know the words haplotype and haplogroup, as well as genetic linkage, but...
I recently came across a new phrase describing genes which tend to be inherited as a group, and wrote it down, but now ...
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Gene knockdown vs gene knockout vs knocksideways? [closed]
How are the techniques: Knock-sideways, knockout & knock-down different?
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Clarification regarding a statement in "The Selfish Gene" by Richard Dawkins
In the third chapter of The Selfish Gene: Immortal coils, Dr.Dawkins makes the following statement while arguing for the case that ultimately "the gene" as he defines it is the unit of natural ...
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