Questions tagged [genetics]
Genetics is the branch of biology that deals with the transmission and variation of inherited characteristics.
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Does homozygous duplication mean I have four copies of the same gene?
I have SMA type 3. I applied to the hospital to recieve Spinraza injections.
My doctor asked me to take a genetic rest to determine SMN2 copy number.
I got the result, it says:
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#genetics #crossingover #crossword [on hold]
In some family, where mother has blood type Rh-, father was daltonist and has blood type Rh+, the healthy girl was born with blood type Rh-. Her grandmother, from the mother side has psoriasis, but ...
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Does the law of independent assortment apply to homologous chromosomes or alleles, or both?
My textbook is giving me two definitions
1st def: "random orientation of homologous chromosomes at the metaphase plate in meiosis 1."
2nd def: "alleles for one gene separate into gametes ...
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Is there any targeted gene-therapy that can increase male sexual dimorphism/attractiveness?
Are there any means of targeted gene-therapy, such as TERT based gene therapy for reverse senescence, which can increase male sexual dimorphism in things like skeletal bone structure/prominence, ...
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1answer
45 views
How do biologists discover information from fossils? [closed]
I have a query about the study of fossils (palaeontology). Let me know about the study of fossils. How do biologist discover "DNA" information from dead and old fossils such as a dinosaur? (answer ...
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15 views
What are the issues with excessive tandem repeats in replication?
Why is it that tandem repeats like CAGCAGCAG cause primer-template misalignment and diseases like Huntingtons disease? By my understanding, too many such repeats can cause strands to form hairpins and ...
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1answer
29 views
Do all gene mutations in pathogens lead to more harmful consequences for humans?
It seems that the concern we always hear is that bacteria and viruses mutate to dodge our treatments either through random mutations or survival of the fittest. Do harmful living things ever mutate to ...
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1answer
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Can I train my non-dominant hand and make it dominant?
Are our dominant limbs decided on birth or is there some way in which I can train my non-dominant hand and make it as coordinated as my dominant?
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1answer
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Is evolution theory falsifiable by whether mutations result in a loss or gain of genetic information? [closed]
If I understand the theory correctly, evolution revolves around the process of adaptation of a being to its environment which results in the increment of survival and reproduction chances for that ...
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1answer
21 views
What does Ercc1-/- / DAT-Cre+ mean?
I really need to know what Ercc1-/- / DAT-Cre+ mean. I think the 1st part means that the mice don't have the Ercc1 gene (knockout). But what about DAT-Cre+?
This question arised from reading the ...
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1answer
30 views
Why not self pollination for finding the genotype instead of test cross?
Test cross can tell us what's the genotype of a plant is. But we can know that even by self pollinating the plant. For example,
If a garden pea plant has the genotype TT, then self pollinating them ...
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1answer
29 views
How are mitochondrial diseases like MERRF inherited?
I am doing a project on the disorder MERRF in Mitochondrial DNA. I have to make a pedigree and explain how it is transferred on from generation to generation. I know that it is inherited maternally, ...
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What are the different types of SNPs?
When I search for this online I get answers such as substitutions, deletions, insertions etc. But I mean in the sense that I have been reading different terms infront of the word SNP such as: lead SNP,...
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1answer
40 views
How can inbreeding be used for selecting mutations?
I understand that inbreeding, after a number of generations of crossing genetically related individuals eventually yields homozygotes, however I can't seem to understand how it can be used for ...
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1answer
86 views
What makes an E.coli an E.coli, genotype or phenotype?
According to this paper, among 61 strains of E. coli they studied only 6% of the genes are common in all. Which means that the overwhelming majority of the genes are not shared.
And wikipedia ...
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1answer
34 views
Have there been new discoveries concerning the perception of taste for the last 10 years? [closed]
What are the last discoveries concerning the perception of taste for the last 10 years?
We discovered the 5th flavour: umami.
Also the 6th and 7th: oleogustus and starchy.
Anything else?
Maybe in ...
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1answer
107 views
Are all genetic disorders inherited?
I know that genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis are often passed down through generations and are therefore classified as genetic disorders, but if a mutation occurs spontaneously, which for ...
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1answer
69 views
Can environmental pressures affect genes in one generation? [duplicate]
Environmental pressures are the catalyst of evolution. Pushing a species to adapt to changes therein. My question is can these mechanisms cause significant adaptation over one generation(parent-> ...
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1answer
43 views
What impedes the understanding of genotype/phenotype relationship without statistics? [closed]
Most genetic research tries to establish a relationship between a certain genotype and certain phenotype.
To me this is like trying to understand a system as a black box, where you try to establish ...
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0answers
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What genes in a plant determine whether a stem is erect or climbing?
I was randomly reading this Wiki article on Jasmine and this question crossed my mind after reading the following lines:
Jasmine can be either deciduous (leaves falling in autumn) or evergreen (...
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1answer
76 views
What exactly does the phrase “chimerical sharing” mean in this abstract?
The Gizmodo article Australian Siblings Are Semi-Identical Twins, Some of the Rarest Humans Ever links to the new paper in NEJM Molecular Support for Heterogonesis Resulting in Sesquizygotic Twinning ...
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1answer
54 views
Inheritance of partly genetic conditions
Suppose Anne has a condition like OCD, that has a significant genetic component. Neither of Anne's parents have OCD, though. Does this mean that each of Anne's OCD genes were carried by at least one ...
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Regulation of LBD33 genes Arabidopsis. If LBD 33 gene is up-regulated by auxin then why does expression decrease when increasing auxin concentration?
I have a question regarding the regulation of lateral boundary domain genes in Arabidopsis (specifically LBD33). I am an undergraduate student trying to understand the results of a lab where I measure ...
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2answers
68 views
How do transgenic transformations cause off-target phenotypes?
I read that transgene insertions can cause off-target mutations that result in a phenotype being overly ascribed to the transgene, e.g. the increase of lifespan being ascribed to Sir2 overexpression (...
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1answer
35 views
What does (G+) (G++) in terms of male mutation rate and male-heterogametic XY-system?
What's the expression for $\alpha_m$ in case of male-heterogametic XY systems (G+)?
Derive the corresponding $\alpha_m$ expression of for (sic) male-heterogametic XY systems (G++)
I have ...
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Do primates have genetic predisposition to dominance hierarchies [closed]
I’m looking for some evidence to prove (or disprove) that primates are genetically predisposed to dominance hierarchies. I would appreciate any pointers/references to scientific literature.
PS:
The ...
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How would you use PGAl to select for mutants of beta galcodosidase gene (z-) and permease (y-)?
How would you use PGAl to select mutants of beta galcodosidase gene (z-) and permease (y-)? Or do you just use PGAL to grow these mutants after you've isolated the mutant gene and inserted it into a ...
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1answer
35 views
The organisms of the same species with a different number of chromosomes [closed]
I am looking for some specific creatures. The organisms of the same species that have different chromosome numbers. Just like male grasshopper (23 chromosomes) and female grasshopper (24 chromosomes).
...
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0answers
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Projects in DNA Computing [closed]
I am physicist and have recently heard about DNA computing. I want to work in this area.
I want your ideas on a "feasible but new project" (maximum time I can put on the project: 6 Months ), I can ...
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1answer
41 views
Question regarding when it's a homoplasy in a phylogenetic tree
If you have 2 organisms that both come directly from the same common ancestor on a phylogenetic tree, and that common ancestor does not have trait "x", is it possible for both of its direct ...
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1answer
42 views
Would our body adapt to changes that are not in our DNA?
If a person was to undergo a treatment or surgery at a very young age, that significantly reduced their final height, would the rest of their body adjust to the sudden change? If not; because our arms’...
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2answers
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Linked genes outcomes in offspring
This question is from a genetics session in my university:
The test cross between a plant with smooth and yellow seeds and a plant with wrinkled and green seeds gives the following results: 140 ...
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1answer
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Are microsatellites viable markers for GWAS?
I'm just reading some papers on genome-wide association studies and find that most of them use SNPs as a marker. I understand that they're the most polymorphic and thus the best for accurate ...
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1answer
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X linked traits expression in females
We all know that females have an inactivated X chromosome (Most of its genes are inactivated).
Consider a female who is a heterozygous carrier of an X linked abnormality,
If the inactivated X was that ...
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2answers
52 views
Probability of carrying an autosomal recessive trait given both parents are carriers
I recently came across a question that asked for the probability of having a child with an autosomal recessive trait, namely cystic fibrosis. From various parts of the question, we can conclude that ...
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2answers
43 views
Can crossing over between X and Y chromosome of sex chromosomes take place? [closed]
Can it? If no, what would happen if it did?
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0answers
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What are the advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction? [closed]
What are the advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
How does variation influence ecological and evolutionary success?
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0answers
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Genetic Inheritance [closed]
With suppression in mind consider the following in a system that requires two genes (and their products) to produce a function or phenotype:
The products of the two genes are both necessary and ...
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2answers
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Meaning of Phred score - probability of base calling error
I learned that Phred quality scores are logarithmically linked to error probabilities. For example, if Phred assigns a quality score of 10 to a base, the chances that this base is called incorrectly ...
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Are there any DNA base sequences that are shared by every living being that we know of? And if yes, are some of those sequences “silent”?
In "every living being" I am not including viruses as another question already answered that.
I have read that some part of the DNA sequences of humans and other animals/plants are "silent" as in not ...
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1answer
38 views
Why does the definition of a “gene” require it to have a product?
In a textbook, I found the following (emphasis in the original):
At this point, we can provide a molecular definition of a gene as a sequence of DNA that specifies production of a functional ...
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0answers
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Transcription - strands, directions [duplicate]
I am hoping that you can help me improve my understanding of transcription. :) I have tried searching for the answers to all of these questions online already, but I have either had trouble finding ...
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1answer
116 views
Why do some animals have beards?
Why do some animals such as some Goats, Ibex, Orangutan etc, have long well-shaped beard like men?
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0answers
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Factors affecting which chromosome will come from the father
Tell me please. In course of biology, I remember that a man has XY chromosomes, and a woman has only X.
Accordingly, depending on which chromosome comes from Father(man) Y or X, a girl (XX) or a boy (...
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1answer
15 views
Does reversion of resistant strains to wild-type only occur when no more drug pressure is exerted
We always read that wild-type reversion of a resistant strain occurs when no more drug pressure is exerted. Could resistance reversion also occur under drug pressure, but from a drug other than the ...
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0answers
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Is bi-allelic gene expression random?
Supposing we have the genotypes “Aa”, “AA”, and “aa”... which are not mono-allelic (not imprinted and not X-inactivated). Does the dominance of the “A” allele over “a” allele affect which gene is ...
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1answer
88 views
What is the most genetically complex organism?
I understand that new genomes are being sequenced ever day and these answers replace themselves often; although as of today, what has been proven to be the most genetically complex organism (Other ...
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1answer
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What do the haploinsufficiency scores in the clinVar database represent?
I understand that haploinsufficiency occurs when one of the two copies of a gene is mutated to the point of being unusable, and the single copy remaining is unable to cope with the cell's demands for ...
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2answers
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How do mutations with very little fitness benefit get fixed?
I have one little issue with evolutionary theory that I have not been able to understand.
Suppose genetic mutations happen from generation to generation. Nevertheless, from one generation to the next ...
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2answers
48 views
Does low gravity exposure to early stages of human fetus have potential to unloc unused genetic information from earlier stages of evolution?
The title seems quite self explanatory but let me elaborate.
New mutations do take a very long time and many generations to occure in the genetic code. But our genetic code already holds all the ...
