Questions tagged [human-anatomy]
This tag is for questions about the general anatomical features of human beings as opposed to the anatomy of non-human animals.
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pH on skin penetration of salicylic acid
I have found that at lower pH, there is more free salicylic acid (due to pKa of roughly 3), which is neutral/uncharged and then can penetrate the skin's oils which are non-polar.
At higher pH, more ...
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How does salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid) break down desmosomal proteins to exfoliate skin?
I've been searching for an explanation to salicylic acid's property of being able to break down desmosomal proteins, such as desmogleins in order to disrupt the outer layer of skin.
Can someone ...
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1answer
32 views
What are the differences between the margins of the lateral and medial condyles of the tibia?
During an osteology lecture about the bones of the leg, the professor mentioned that the posterior (i think it was the posterior at least, I didn't write my notes down very well) margins of the ...
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1answer
51 views
Does the cranial dura consist of the periosteum? and if not, then is there a mistake in my textbook?
My textbook (Neuroanatomy an illustrated colour text) states that:
The spinal dura and much of the cranial dura are separate from the periosteum, which forms the inner lining of the surrounding ...
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29 views
Biological & Evolutionary Reasons for Palm (Bi)Symmetry
The fingers of the human palm exhibit a (bi)symmetrical pattern with regards to their size, in the sense that the thumb and the pinky are almost the same size, and the same holds for the index and ...
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1answer
53 views
How does energy conversion happen (chemical to mechanical?) in moving body muscles?
From my understanding, the brain sends electrical pulses through neurons to different part of the body to initiate a movement. My question is, how is the movement realized? For example, in a train, ...
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2answers
78 views
Why do red muscle fibres have more mitochondria than white muscle fibre but less ATP than White muscle fibres?
This is a question given in my Anatomy book and I am really confused because logically the substance which have more mitochondria should have more ATP as mitochondria is the power house of cell.But ...
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1answer
32 views
Human Anatomy and Physiology - The Muscoskeletal System
In the human limb skeleton can you identify a bone which is rather feeble and does not have much role in supporting body weight or maintain posture, and doctors use pieces of it to transplant to other ...
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Does any tendon in humans receive a high amount of blood supply? Or is the property of not receiving a large blood supply a constant across tendons?
I read on https://www.physiocomestoyou.co.uk/blog/all-you-need-to-know-about-tendons/ (mirror):
[Tendons] do not have a large blood supply.
Does any tendon in the human body receive a high amount ...
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1answer
29 views
Can the word phalanx also be used to describe the finger bone plus the soft parts around the bone?
I was talking in an SE chatroom about fingers, and not being a native English speaker, I had to look up the word used for the part of a finger from the tip to the closest knuckle. I came across the ...
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1answer
102 views
What are the coverings of femoral hernia?
It was my Viva question and I was really puzzled.I know what is femoral hernia and it route like the abdominal content moves down the femoral canal and further through the saphenous opening and all ...
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50 views
Human femur maximum strength
In this video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=os98s9kBlOI it is demonstrated that a moose leg bone can support until nearly 10 tonne before break. Is there any similar demonstration on human femurs? ...
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1answer
64 views
Are there any benefits/disadvantages/traits from having a permanent lower core temperature?
My body temperature as far as I remember has always been around 35.6 degrees Celsius, that's a degree less than what is the usually quoted as the average temperature for humans.
Are there any known ...
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44 views
Medical terminology for asymmetrically-shaped paired body parts?
Some people have different sized feet [source], a limb that is slightly longer than the contralateral (on other side of the body) limb [source], or other instances of paired body parts being different ...
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1answer
33 views
can auditory/ocular reflexes exist?
In the same way the knee-jerk reflex is a thing (I think the nerve signal doesn't go through the brain?), can stimuli received by the eyes or ears trigger "instantaneous" (faster than the brain can ...
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Can we “learn” reflexes?
Can we force our bodies to react to situations faster than our brain can think about them?
Some reflexes I can think of off the top of my head:
knee jerk reflex
retracting hand when touching a hot ...
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Is medullary cavity totally absent in clavicle?
In one of my books it said that medullary cavity is totally absent in clavicle but is it completely true ? One of my teachers said only the medial 2/3 of clavicle has a medullary cavity.
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1answer
69 views
What forms this pad on the side of the face?
I've been trying to figure out this for the best portion of this morning, but what structures are responsible for the pad highlighted in red? (sorry for low quality of picture, was just watching the ...
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Where would I point to if I wanted to indicate the location of the anterior insular cortex?
I understand research suggests the anterior insular cortex is where human empathy originates. The images I found researching the location of the AIC
do not give me a clear sense of where it is in ...
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What are the sufficient criteria that make an entity a living homo sapiens? [closed]
When I say criteria I mean like x biological functions or y genetics.
If it were to be appearance,anatomy. A corpse completely looks like a man.
Moreover a person who has had their 4 limbs amputated, ...
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2answers
103 views
Why does flicking a finger generate so much more force than extending it quickly?
Flicking a finger (holding it back with e.g. the thumb while building up "pressure" against the thumb, then releasing) is much more powerful than just uncurling the finger quickly.
I tried to do the ...
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1answer
242 views
Why are human bones usually curved?
Is there any simple explanation as to why human bones are more curved than straight and are thicker at ends and thinner in the middle?
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141 views
Why don't we speak of medial and lateral rotation of the forearm? And pronation and supination of the upper arm?
Why don't we speak of medial and lateral rotation of the forearm?
I notice we speak of forearm supination and forearm pronation, but why not medial and lateral rotation.
It seems to me that if we ...
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1answer
40 views
Surface perception
I'm looking for research studying:
How small and compressed together do particles of a surface need to be to be perceived as solid surface to human touch? E.g. sand still feels grainy. Has there been ...
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Are your finger muscles and tendons interconnected?
Are finger muscles and tendons interconnected? If they are interconnected, then if i exercise one finger will it train the other fingers since they are interconnected and share the same muscles in the ...
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ATP and Muscle Contraction
I have a question regarding how molecular interactions manifest in physical actions - such as hanging from a bar. To the best of my understanding, when it comes to the contraction of muscles, ATP is ...
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0answers
105 views
Movement of the Thoracic Cage During Movements of the Thoracic Spine
Just for a bit of context: I am trying to create a 3D digital model of the human skeleton as the first step towards computer generated muscle simulation, and as such I want the skeleton to be as ...
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32 views
For how long can the heart be in asystole and then restart itself?
The medication Adenosine is used for the treatment of some abnormal heart rhythms. However, according to Wikipedia, it can cause asystole for a few seconds:
Because of the effects of adenosine on ...
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1answer
109 views
Passing out from drowning [closed]
How long does it take to pass out from oxygen deprivation? The person is panicked and screaming so they accidentally breathe water into the lungs. So how long would it take for them to pass out? After ...
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0answers
28 views
For each movement performed by both the gluteus minimus and medius, what percentage of the movement do the gluteus minimus and medius account for?
From what I read on Wikipedia, all functions of the gluteus minimus are mirrored by the gluteus medius. Additionally, the gluteus medius is larger than the gluteus minimus (see comparative images here)...
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1answer
41 views
Does a full tear of the gluteus minimus tendon result in a long-lasting inflammatory response?
Does a full tear of the gluteus minimus tendon result in a long-lasting inflammatory response?
This answer mentions:
An isolated gluteus minimus tear still causes functional problems because of ...
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1answer
42 views
Does a full tear of the gluteus minimus tendon has any functional implications?
From what I read on Wikipedia, all functions of the gluteus minimus are mirrored by the gluteus medius. Additionally, the gluteus medius is larger than the gluteus minimus (see comparative images here)...
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1answer
41 views
How many different states can the femur and lower limb be in?
Often the knee can be thought of as a hinge joint. However, when it flexes, the knee permits the lower leg to rotate. So it is not a pure hinge joint in absolute sense because it permits more range of ...
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Where can I find the list of all tendons in the human body?
https://www.healthcentral.com/article/aging-can-take-major-toll-on-womens-tendons (mirror) claims that:
There are about 4,000 tendons throughout the body.
This claim is echoed by a fair amount of ...
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131 views
What is the significance of different types of papillae present on tongue?
Fungiform, Circumvallate, Filiform, Foliate Papillae are present on the surface of the tongue. They have a role in increasing surface area for taste buds that can be accommodated on the tongue. Each ...
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1answer
72 views
What's the subpatellar tendon?
I read in Thomas Myers book Anatomy Trains:
Although the muscles themselves have attachments within the anterior
compartment to the tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane, the next
station ...
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12 views
Is occipital ridge a synonym for the inferior nuchal line?
I'm reading different sources about anatomy and it seems to me like occipital ridge is a synonym for the inferior nuchal line but I'm not sure. Is it, or does the term occipital ridge refer to a ...
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How does shoulder rotation work when the arm is overhead?
Anatomy references state that the humerus is externally rotated by infraspinatus, and teres minor, and internally rotated by subscapularis.
All the illustrations I can find of these muscles have the ...
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1answer
304 views
Why we can't feel our internal organs? [closed]
We have lungs,kidneys, stomach etc.But why we can not feel them consciously?
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1answer
29 views
Is “muscular attachment” synonymous to tendon? (when talking about the insertion of glutei medius and minimus to greater trochanter of the femur)
I have read the following two terms in an MRI report (both points refer to the insertion of gluteus medius/minimus to greater trochanter of the femur):
mild degeneration of the muscular attachment ...
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1answer
386 views
Where does the gluteus medius attach to the greater trochanter compared to the gluteus minimus attachment?
Where does the gluteus medius attach to the greater trochanter of the femur compared to the gluteus minimus attachment? Is it above, below, next to it, etc.? Ideally I'd like to know the distance as ...
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27 views
Why different people have different Sympathetic reaction
We all know that sympathetic mechanism is similiar in humans . Why people react differently for example one may ran after seeing a lion while other may keep standing or may shout without escaping ?
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93 views
Do the left half and right halves of the diaphragm undergo the same displacement during breathing?
Do the left half and right halves of the diaphragm of a normal person move exactly the same distance between inhaling and exhaling?
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Is the tendon width determined by genetic predisposition, and if so, is genetics the sole factor?
Tendons' widths vary widely across humans. E.g.:
{1}: "the mean patellar tendon width was 26.10mm (SD = 3.31; range 18.33mm-33.33mm)"
{2}: "Size of the patellar tendon width, measured at the same ...
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How do viable sperm persist for weeks?
Tests on men who have undergone vasectomies show viable sperm in their ejaculate weeks and dozens of ejaculations after ligation of their vas deferens. How is this possible?
How long does a ...
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493 views
What is the difference between “hamstring tendon” and “common hamstring tendon”?
What is the difference between "hamstring tendon" and "common hamstring tendon"? I have seen both terms being used but I don't know whether they referred to the same tendon.
For example,
Johnson, ...
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1answer
60 views
How atom works and it's different from DNA? [closed]
I am studying atoms recently because I am writing a short story and the characters would talk about it for a bit. And I wish it's scientifically accurate.
So I read a lot of articles about the atom ...
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1answer
263 views
What's a “constitutionally small penis”?
I'm reading some urology papers and came across one involving penis growth (Kim & Song, 2008); here's an intro passage that I'm confused about:
A total of 58 patients with constitutionally ...
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What soft tissue separates bones of toes?
I need to know a little about the "knuckles" of toes; specifically the 4 areas that separate the 5 proximal/metatarsal joins.
I'd like to know the terms for areas that might be damaged if the width ...
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1answer
42 views
Have there been new discoveries concerning the perception of taste for the last 10 years? [closed]
What are the last discoveries concerning the perception of taste for the last 10 years?
We discovered the 5th flavour: umami.
Also the 6th and 7th: oleogustus and starchy.
Anything else?
Maybe in ...
