The study of the molecular processes underlying life.
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7 views
The purpose of the recipient
I'm doing a rapport in experimental molecular microbiology - And I cannot figure out, what the purpose of the recipient is. Can anyone explain this? Thank you
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1answer
29 views
What's the difference between animal lysosomes and vacuoles in plants/fungi that carry out enzymatic hydrolysis?
I am aware that some plants and fungi have vacuoles that carry out hydrolysis using enzymes and in general act very similar to animal lysosomes. So what is the difference between the two? Why aren't ...
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1answer
20 views
Biology and dna samples to determine parental lineage
How could you use nuclear and mitochondrial DNA samples run through electrophoresis to determine parental lineage.
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1answer
23 views
How is the timing of gene expression controlled in developing embryo?
I understand how cell differentiation works in general (gradients of homeobox proteins etc), but how is timing controlled? Why do some genes switch on at a very specific moment of development and then ...
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1answer
15 views
Insertion Confirmation Cloning Strategy
So I am in a bit of a time constraint. Essentially, I inserted a DNA fragment via molecular cloning which contains a unique RE site. I need to confirm whether my colony has or does not have the ...
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0answers
14 views
What conclusions can I draw about the size, charge, and shape of messenger molecules?
Molecules such as cAMP or Inositol trisphosphate are used in organisms as messenger molecules that make things happen when they are supposed to happen. These molecules are usually big, but not too big,...
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0answers
18 views
What do halophiles eat?
We all know that halophiles can survive salt environments and all that, but what do they really eat? Do they consume the salt in their habitat?
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0answers
7 views
Is there a good resource for detailed molecular/atomic information about plant cells?
Can anyone point me to a good source for understanding the molecular/atomic details for the structure of a plant cell?
I’m thinking of the classic kind of plant cell diagram: https://goo.gl/images/...
1
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1answer
10 views
identification of differentially expressed genes in RNA-seq analysis
I am using four different packages (viz. EBSeq, DESeq2, edgeR, LPEseq) for identification of differential genes. Now I am confused whose fold change value should I take for further downstream ...
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1answer
51 views
How can two biological sequences be anything but homologous?
If we consider homology between two nucleotide sequences as a yes/no answer to whether they have shared a common ancestral sequence, then given that all life share common ancestry and sequences are ...
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0answers
10 views
Meting temperature of PCR products and product expected size
I know the Melting temperature of my primers but I would like to know if the melting temperature of my product match with the melting temperature I get in the melting curve when doing a qPCR, in order ...
1
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1answer
25 views
What does “novel, predicted deleterious, within autozygome” mean in genetics?
I am a medical student and just got involved with a genetic lab and research. I read a lot phrases like: "Although no mutations have been reported in this gene, we think this variant is interesting ...
4
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1answer
48 views
Is there a reliable source for storage and stability of reducing agents like DTT?
Reading the literature on DTT, one is confronted with a confusing mass of papers; some claim that a 1M solution in water is stable, other papers say it is not. I use the reaction with DTNB to show ...
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1answer
27 views
Will removing colorful parts of mold (like described below) from food ensure that it's safe to ingest? [closed]
I unfortunately ate moldy curd made at home. When I saw it, on the top surface, there were mold colonies in yellow color & (only one) dark grey, velvety textured spore colony. I carefully removed ...
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2answers
47 views
There are small parts between Genes in an Operon that does not encode for any amino acids. What is the purpose of these parts?
What is the purpose of these parts in the translation process ?
Picture to demonstrate below :
2
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2answers
35 views
How different can the Tm be between 2 primers?
I have a forward primer with Tm 85 degree Celcius. I cannot change this primer. But I have two options for the reverse primer. One with Tm 65 degree Celcius (Annealing at 65 degree Celcius) and ...
2
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0answers
39 views
How do molecular biologists determine biochemical pathways?
I'm new to this community, so hopefully this is the right place to ask this question.
I know my question is really general, but in all of my biology courses we are merely taught the chemical pathways ...
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0answers
17 views
How does increasing the duration of Ultraviolet light irradiation affect the production of glucose in plants?
The following is my question: How does increasing the duration of Ultraviolet light irradiation affect the production of glucose in plants?
But I was curious as to how I would go about doing this ...
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0answers
19 views
Do you have experience with Illumina? [on hold]
I am working on pro's and con's of Illumina and have a hard time what is not good about the sequencing or Illumina's company in general.
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0answers
18 views
What is the “central vesicle” in centrioles?
Stubblefield and Brinkley describe a central vesicle in centrioles. What is it, exactly?
References
Stubblefield, E., Brinkley, B.R. (1967). Architecture and function of the mammalian centriole.
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1answer
28 views
What is (roughly) the net charge of the DNA in an average human cell?
I was wondering about what general range for the net charge of DNA in human cells is in Coulombs. I imagine that kind of thing would be hard to measure but could be approximately calculated/estimated....
1
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1answer
10 views
What is the reason behind studying seroprevalence of a disease?
Scientific literature on viral disease, specifically ones like Zika and Dengue, contains seroprevalence data. What is the reason behind understanding seroprevalence?
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0answers
8 views
Synthetic E.coli promoter that doesn't change expression during stationary phase?
I would like to place a gene under control of a constitutive promoter, but I need the gene expression to be unchanged from exponential to stationary phase. The activity of the housekeeping E. coli ...
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0answers
11 views
Large (25-28 kb) plasmid cloning, propagation in bacteria and transfection in mammalian cells?
Has anyone tried cloning and propagating 25-28kb high-copy vectors? I know vectors this size can be unstable, but I'm hoping that maxi-preps and conventional cloning using restriction enzymes can ...
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1answer
20 views
Thousands of Reporters Integrated in Parallel (TRIP) barcodes
Has anyone worked with constructing barcodes for TRIP? How does constructing of barcodes work in general? I don't seem to be able to grasp the basics of constructing these barcodes.
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1answer
49 views
Is there any liquid that can replace water?
I understand this is a little futuristic but water freezes and damages cell causing cryostasis yet a reality. Is there any liquid that can be added to the blood synthetic or not that either plants and ...
2
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0answers
41 views
Molecular Docking Enzyme Inhibitor Biosensor?
I had some task to study Molecular Docking relations with Biosensor and I am really new with this discipline (beginner). I am docking C60 with Glucose Oxidase and my question is: what would happen if ...
2
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1answer
32 views
qPCR : Cross-contamination while sealing plate
I'm trying to do realtime PCR on a plasmid and I have my positive and negative controls close to each other along with a no-template control. I add 1ul of my template last into the 96 well plates (on ...
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0answers
12 views
Why are okazaki fragments of eukaryotes smaller? [duplicate]
Prokaryotes have bigger fragments as compared to eukaryotes. Why so ?
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0answers
18 views
Why is CLL B-Cell leukemia t(12;21) more responsive to chemotherapy?
Chronic Lympoid Leukemia targeting B-Cell (with the particular translocation mutation on chromosome 12 and 21) is known to be more responsive to chemotherapy. Is there a known molecular mechanism for ...
1
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1answer
34 views
What is the source of the fat in adipose tissue?
I have heard the opinion that all of it comes from de novo lipogenesis of carbohydrates, but I'm skeptical. Is there evidence either way - either that dietary fat definitely gets stored in the adipose ...
1
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1answer
32 views
Apolipoprotein B48 and fat storage
Can chylomicrons formed in the intestine, with apolipoprotein B48, transport lipids to adipose cells for storage?
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0answers
11 views
What Does Transcription Factor E25 Activate When a Cell is Transitioning from G1 to S
Cyclin D/ CDK4 phosphorylates Rb allowing for the activation of transcription factor E25 during the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Supposedly, this transcription factor then activates as set of genes ...
1
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1answer
31 views
Consensus symbols in multiple sequence alignment [closed]
I was using multAlin for multiple aligning a set of sequences. The output I and came across included the following documentation (English corrected):
Consensus symbols: ! is any of IV $ is any ...
4
votes
2answers
136 views
How does transcription end?
In rho-dependent termination in prokaryotes, how does RNA polymerase “know” that it has reached the end of a gene and that it has to stop so that the rho-factor can bind mRNA’s rut site? Is there a ...
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0answers
21 views
What is the purpose of chloride ions in the stomach
Why are chloride ions secreted into the gastric pits in addition with hydrogen ions? Why can't the parietal cells simply secrete hydrogen ions for an acidic effect?
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0answers
11 views
Why is serum ferritin elevated in Chronic disease anemia?
I've been searching the reason of this but I've been not able to find it.
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1answer
25 views
How do PrP mutations lead to prion disease?
My understanding is:
The PrP gene in human cells is expressed as both PrP-c (normal protein) and PrP-sc (prion disease protein). This happens post transcriptionally, that is, the normal and the ...
2
votes
1answer
39 views
When in Ampicillin degraded (gone) in liquid TB-media? Concerns about selectivity
Question: Specifically regarding Ampicillin; When growing cells in TB (terrific broth) for protein expression - when should I expect the ampicillin to be gone due to degradation by b-lactamases? (and ...
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votes
1answer
57 views
How to find the amino acid that is bound to a tRNA with the anticodon? [closed]
What amino acid is bound to a tRNA with the following anticodon: $5^{\prime}$ A U G $3^{\prime}$
The answer is Histidine.
What amino acid is attached to the tRNA with the ...
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0answers
14 views
Mechanism Behind Viral Capsid Breakdown When In Cell
In the example of a retrovirus, after the lipid bilayer fuses with the membrane of the cell, the capsid dissolves releasing the viral content.
What is the mechanism behind the capsid dissolving? I ...
1
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1answer
23 views
What is the role of CRISPR-dCas9 in gRNA-dCas9 transcription regulator complexes?
In this paper, I read that mutant versions of Cas proteins such as a deactivated Cas9 (dCas9) are used alongside a guide-RNA (gRNA) to form variants of CRISPR tool that can function as transcription ...
2
votes
3answers
185 views
Can the central dogma work in reverse?
Theoretically, is it possible to obtain the original gene from the protein’s amino acid sequence as its “template”, as in, the reverse of how gene’s codons were “templates” for the amino acid sequence ...
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1answer
28 views
Why doesn't my rtPCR reaction work?
I am doing a rtPCR to detect the watermelon mosaic virus (WMV). My set of primers are:
WMV primer forward: 5'-TNGARAATTTGGATGYAGG-3'
WMV primer reverse: 5'-CTGCGGTGGACCCATACC -3'
both of which at ...
2
votes
2answers
56 views
Biological validation of computationally determined gene-gene interaction
How can a computationally determined three-way gene interaction be biologically validated? What kind of assays or tests must be performed using cell/tissue-based and/or mouse models to prove that the ...
1
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1answer
68 views
About The Selfish Gene Book - How Replicators Molecules forms duplicates?
I was reading The Selfish Gene. In the 2nd chapter - "Replicators" I read:
Think of the replicator as a mold or template. Imagine it as a large molecule consisting of a complex chain of various ...
2
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1answer
17 views
HLA typing between siblings to identify a genetic disorder
If a patient suffering from a complex array of signs and symptoms for a disease and is having an 8/8 loci match with his sister who suffers no such symptoms can you conclude that the disease is an X-...
-1
votes
1answer
61 views
which of these fields will cure aging? [closed]
life extension is expected to happen as a result of breakthroughs in tissue rejuvenation, stem cells, regenerative medicine, molecular repair, gene therapy, pharmaceuticals, and organ replacement. ...
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1answer
19 views
mRNA Sequencing Basepair from Polyadenylation Site?
I was wondering how many basepairs are usually sequenced with mRNA/cDNA illumina methods from upstream of the polyedenlation site?
Thanks.
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0answers
19 views
How to calculate the Marker Index(MI) for a dominant marker such as RAPD and ISSR?
I am working in the genetic diversity analysis of a plant species and have used RAPD and ISSR markers. After scoring the data in a binary matrix, I am trying to find the marker index of the primers. I ...
