Questions tagged [renal-physiology]
The branch of physiology that deals with the kidneys, and their role in reabsorption, filtration, acid-base and electrolyte balance.
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Will a 5nm diameter uncharged object make it through the renal glomerular filtration apparatus in humans?
Will a 5nm diameter uncharged object make it through the glomerular filtration apparatus in humans? I think that it should as I have read that the smallest fenestrations are about 10-15nm in size and ...
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Why do cartilaginous fishes not excrete ammonia?
My teacher taught me that bony fishes are ammonotelic while the cartilaginous fishes are ureotelic, but why does that happen? Why do cartilaginous fishes not excrete ammonia?
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Does the kidney regulate sodium balance or total body sodium
Imagine the following situation. You have a person who initially eats 10 mEq/day of salt. He then, at t=0 begins to eat 150 mEq/day of Na, and will continue to do so, because you're forcing them to, ...
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What Produces the Postive Potenial in the lumen of the thick ascending loop of Henle?
In the Thick Ascending Loop of Henle, Paracellular diffusion of certain Solutes like magnesium and calcium takes place. Such diffusion is a result of the positive lumen potential.
Looking at the image ...
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How does the blood flow in the glomerulus when everything except plasma is drained out?
So I learned that in the glomerulus, everything smaller than the RBCs is filtered out, but I had learned previously that - Blood needs plasma, water medium to flow. So if its drained out into the ...
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Is it possible to see some renal pyramids in a transverse section those which cannot possibly be viewed in one longitudinal section at the same time?
This is just a random image I found on Google.
It is showing that, in cross-section, several renal pyramids can be viewed. Is it so?
According to the following longitudinal section of the kidney, I ...
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Will renal blood flow decrease in response to dehydration?
If dehydrated, does the correction of ECF osmolarity happen slowly enough for ECF (and therefore plasma) volume to be temporarily depleted and therefore reduce renal blood flow?
If dehydration is ...
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Vasoconstriction and blood flow
The resistance in a blood vessel is equal to the pressure difference divided by the blood flow. Let us now say that a sympathomimetic causes vasoconstriction which increases the resistance. Does this ...
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What is titratable acid? Why is ammonium not titratable acid? [closed]
What exactly do we mean when we use term titratable acid in renal physiology? Why is ammonium not considered a titratable acid?
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Is the serum concentration of calcitriol different at different times in the day?
Given that calcitriol has a relatively short half-life in adults it would be possible that the serum concentration is at different times of the day different if it gets produced in different ...
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Can polystyrene sulfonate bind calcium or sodium in the gut? How?
Polystyrene sulfonate is used as a potassium binder to treat hyperkalemia in traumatic rhabdomyolysis, acute and chronic kidney disease. It is listed as an ion-exchange resin that can also remove ...
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How does the counter-current multiplier work in the nephrons?
Why is the counter-current multiplier called like that? What is flowing in the opposite direction to the glomerular filtrate for it to be called "counter-current"?
Can you please explain the counter-...
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Ascending loop of Henle
When ions diffuse out passively or are actively transported out of the ascending loop of Henle, do those ions just hang around or do they go into the circulatory system and leave the kidney.
I ask ...
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Microalbuminuria in inflammation of urinary tract
Albumin is excreted into urine (albuminuria) in nephrotic syndrome and in certain inflammatory conditions of urinary tract.$^1$
How is inflammation in urinary tract related to increase in albumin ...
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Why do I want to urinate when I touch water?
I've noticed that whenever I come in contact with running water (especially when I do my dishes), I have a desire to urinate. A quick Google search (link,link) gave me few different hypotheses:
Cold ...
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Renorenal Reflex
According to this:
The kidney contains afferent sensory nerve fibers that are located primarily in the renal pelvic wall where they sense stretch.
I think the stretch is due to urine. If I am ...
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Does having to urinate imply that you are becoming dehydrated?
This question came up after I read another question that coffee does not dehydrate you, but instead acts as a mild diuretic.
Does having to pee imply dehydration?
Allow me to elaborate: When you ...
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peritoneal dialysis Vs Hemodialysis?
Their are basically two types of dialysis: 1.peritoneal dialysis 2.hemodialysis, My Question is Why the peritoneal dialysis needs to be carried out on everyday BUT hemodialysis is carried out on only ...
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Why are lipid-soluble substances harder to excrete?
I understand why water-soluble substances can be excreted. However, why are they easier to excrete than lipid-soluble substances? Why can’t lipid-soluble substance be excreted just as easily in the ...
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Why does renal artery stenosis lead to activation of Renin-Angiotensin system?
To my current understanding, stenosis or narrowing of the arteries would mean higher blood pressure, similar to atherosclerosis. So the Renin system should be suppressed to counter the high blood ...
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Does THC excretion increase if urine volume increases?
In regards to the body metabolizing and excreting THC: if urination is increased as a result of drinking lots of fluids, does that mean that more THC is leaving the body? To rephrase the question, is ...
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Can tubular secretion regarded as local hormone?
Tubular secretion is : The process in which ions and other waste products are transported into the distal tubules of the nephron.
can it be regarded as local hormone??
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What are the highest and lowest possible pH, paCO2 and HCO3 in the blood of living human?
What are the highest and lowest possible values of pH, $paCO_2$, and $HCO_3$ in the (arterial or venous) blood of a living human being?
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Can the kidneys utilize ketone bodies for energy?
Ketone bodies are water-soluble and should pose no problem to the kidneys because of solubility. If the kidneys are able to utilize ketone bodies for energy, then they must express the enzyme 3-...
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Is the amount of phosphoric acid added to colas enough to disrupt the function of the kidney over the long term?
Both Coca-Cola and Pepsi add phosphoric acid $H_3PO_4$ to their colas to give them a signature "bite".
The kidneys use a phosphoric acid/dihydrogen phosphate/hydrogen phosphate homeostasis as one ...
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What is the benefit of near-emptying the bloodstream in the mammalian kidney?
In the normal function of the kidney, the bloodstream is near emptied of fluids as it moves through the glomerulus, in which glomerular filtrate is formed.
As it proceeds through the Nephron, a ...
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What can the timing of human urination tell about the human's physical condition and circadian rhythms?
I've noticed a peculiar phenomenon. A subject drinks 400 ml of water, then observes time until the urge to urinate is felt. The time is 15 minutes. The subject releases water. 14 minutes later another ...
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Glomerular Filtration Rate
In practice, when you have vasoconstriction of the glomerular capillaries and subsequently an increase in blood pressure, glomerular filtration rate increases. However, this seems counterintuitive to ...
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Which aspects of renal physiology are standing in the way of an artificial (mechanical) kidney?
Scientists have been able to create artificial organs with varying degrees of success. The mechanical heart (in its various forms, e.g. ventricular assist) is able to sustain life for some period of ...
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