Questions tagged [transcription]
The process that produces a complementary strand of RNA from a section of DNA or (rarely) other RNA.
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How do enhancers induce transcription?
DNA response elements are DNA sequences that are could be found upstream, downstream of genes that regulate gene expression at the transcriptional level.
One type -Enhancers- bind specific ...
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Sequence between PolyA signal and PolyA tail
Between the polyadenylation (PolyA) signal (AAUAAA in humans) and the start of the polyA tail, there is a short sequence of about 10~20 (G/U rich) bases, is there a special term for it?
Image credit: ...
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Multiple transcripts encoding for one protein
Trying to get a better understanding of the process of DNA to proteins.
So when we have a gene, it is read from the 5' to 3' end, only translating the exons to mRNAs. A single gene can have multiple ...
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Link between macro lncRNA and DNA looping
I was wondering if anybody knows some publication about macro lncRNA (very long unspliced RNAs) or more generally a transcribed RNA that may lead to cis-DNA looping of genomic regions overlapped by ...
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Is it possible to distinguish between coding and template strands from the sequence?
Let’s say you have the following DNA sequence fragment:
5’-ACCAGTACTTCGT-3’
3’-TGGTCATGAAGCA-5’
Is there any way to determine which strand is the template ...
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Functional Difference between the Distal Promoter and Enhancer Region
According to the Wikipedia article on eukaryotic promoter regions, the distal promoter is:
Anything further upstream (but not an enhancer or other regulatory region whose influence is positional/...
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response elements in transcription regulation
I'm studying eukaryotic gene regulation and I want to know whether there are some instances where transcription factors don't need to bind to response elements to initiate transcription. RNA ...
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Confusion about the role of capping and polyadenylation in nuclear transport
Before termination stage of transcription a GMP cap is added to the 5' end and poly-A tail to 3' end of mRNA.
The link(http://sciencing.com/role-rna-polyadenylation-5434666.html) says:
The poly(A) ...
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Modifications of free nucleotides
We know that RNA can get modified post transcriptionally (RNA modification). So when the RNA is degraded, is it possible for such modifications to still be present on the individual nucleotides -- ...
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Usage of the terms: Enhancer, Upstream activating sequence and Downstream activating sequence
From wikipedia
An upstream activating sequence or upstream activation sequence (UAS) is a cis-acting regulatory sequence. It is distinct from the promoter and increases the expression of a ...
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Transcription by RNA polymerase in absence of inducer and activator
Does the presence of activator(CAP-cAMP complex) and inducer(lactose) only increase the likelihood that a particular gene(here operon) gets transcribed, i.e increases the rate of transcription of that ...
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Hydrogen bonding and the blocking thereof in nucleic acids during nuclear processes
In transcription, RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA double helix and begins attaching RNA nucleotides to the template strand. In its wake, the DNA double helix closes back—this is only natural, seeing as ...
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Is DNA transcription inactive during mitosis ie no proteins are made? How does the cell survive?
I've read that during mitosis, DNA exists as heterochromatin, a form that is unable to be accessed for transcription.
Does this mean no new proteins are made during what can be 20% of a cell's life? ...
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Will bacterial promoter without either -10 or -35 sequence allow no transcription?
I have a strong constitutive promoter on a plasmid inside of E.Coli, which expresses a gene. Having either -10 or -35 sequence modified to random sequence, will it ensure zero transcription from that ...
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Are upstream activating factor (UAF) and upstream binding factor (UBF) the same thing?
During ribosome pre-40S and pre-60S synthesis, many sources state the importance of UAF or UBF in initiation complex of ribosome DNA transcription. None of the sources I've seen mentions the other ...
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What is the suitable terminology to describe this study approach?
I need to know the correct term(s) which are usually used in the parlance of both biology and bioinformatics for this study approach:
About 11 transcripts were investigated using qPCR for a number of ...
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Why majority of synthesized mRNAs are halted at Nuclear Pore Complex?
I was reading about mRNA export process. I came to know that only 36% of synthesized mRNA transport events at Nuclear Pore Complexes(NPC) of the nuclear membrane get successful in crossing to the ...
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Can a ribosome attach to a RNA strand that is undergoing elongation by RNA polymerase, and concurrently start protein synthesize?
Is there any known mechanism (provide a concrete example) in which RNA translation can occur at the same time as DNA transcription, concerning a single RNA strand? In other words, can a ribosome ...
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Control of protein by DNA sequence with respect to RNA polymerase
I want to know how can a particular base sequence like the TATA box in the -10 region of a gene is able to regulate a protein's function like RNA polymerase? What kind of interaction really occurs?Is ...
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Why don't all protein sequences taken from DNA get synthesized?
Why don't all protein sequences in DNA get synthesized?
The genome, and subsequently extracted proteome, is much larger than the collection of proteins for which there is any other experimental ...
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What are the causes of abortive initiation?
I was reading more about DNA transcription, and it mentioned abortive initiation. The article gave no explanation as to why the phenomenon occurs.
The only explanation I can think of is that it is ...
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What is regulatory promoter?
I came across this term in University question paper.
What is the difference between core promoter and regulatory promoter?
I have googled (Web, Scholar and Books) it but couldn't find any ...
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Does prokaryotic transcription have activators / enhancer regions involved?
I am designing a biosensor, and I need to know whether prokaryotic transcription involves or can involve (if a gene needs to be regulated) enhancer regions. Also, where are enhancer regions located (...
