6
votes
Why are excess amino acids toxic?
Firstly excess amino acids are deaminated to form keto acids and not urea.
Urea is formed utilising the ammonium released as a consequence of deamination via Ornithine-Arginine cycle
Secondly the ...
- 1,955
6
votes
Why doesn't glucagon promote glycogenolysis in muscle?
Glucagon needs glucagon receptors to have an effect on the tissue or organ in question, and your answer can be found there. Glucagon receptors are found in the liver, like you say, but they're also ...
5
votes
Grapefruits and CYP3A4
In general, xenobiotic biotransformation (i.e. processing the xenobiotics aka drugs - detoxing the body) is accomplished by a limited number of enzymes with broad substrate specificities. In humans, ...
5
votes
Accepted
Human biology - liver regeneration after laprascopic segmentectomy
The healthy human liver has remarkable ability to regenerate in only a few months after resection.
In a study of 98 healthy donors who underwent left lobectomy donation, Chen and colleagues found that ...
- 215
3
votes
Detrimental effects of fructose in fruit on the liver?
There is insufficient evidence to claim that high consumption of fructose, when part of isocaloric diet (no weight gain), is a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Fructose ...
- 8,049
3
votes
Accepted
How much percentage of substance does liver take in one pass?
It depends entirely on the substance. Substances that are more hydrophobic or quickly metabolized by the liver are absorbed more completely. I think it's worth considering that it isn't as though all ...
- 44k
3
votes
Accepted
Does the hepatic portal system form capillary beds?
In anatomy, a "portal circulation" is simply when you have a capillary bed that is interposed between two venous circulations BEFORE blood flows back to the heart. There are a couple of places in the ...
- 2,368
2
votes
Accepted
When you have your gallbladder removed, how does it affect bile flow into your small intestine?
Bile is stored, concentrated, and acidified in the gall bladder. Schwartz Principles of Surgery ch. 32 has a good section on this. After recovery from an uncomplicated surgery, the loss of the gall ...
- 8,751
2
votes
Why is the liver the only internal organ of the human body to regrow?
It helps to think about why it's beneficial for an organ/tissue to regenerate. The liver is your main detoxifying organ. It does this by chemically modifying external (and internal) molecules to ...
- 566
2
votes
Accepted
What does the term 'glycogen mobilisation' mean?
I think the key to understanding mobilization in this context is in the second sentence:
[Glycogen] can be broken down to yield glucose molecules when energy is needed.
The authors are using ...
- 8,256
1
vote
choosing the right housekeeping gene for Western Blotting analysis for liver lysates
Use a total protein stain. Irrespective of tissue type, normalising your immunoblot signal using a total protein stain is a good, probably superior, approach (ref1, ref2, ref3). Many journal ...
- 1,306
1
vote
What does the term 'glycogen mobilisation' mean?
I think that @acvill more or less gets it, but I wanted to add a direct usage in context that makes clear the meaning.
I found this as the top hit when I google "glycogen mobilization". It ...
- 9,112
1
vote
Why are excess amino acids toxic?
In addition to what @CATHARANTHUS has said I would like to mention that ammonia has its direct effects on brain metabolism.
Ammonia is an important substrate as well as a product for at least 16 ...
- 4,786
1
vote
How does protein enter bloodstream?
Proteins will be digested through a number of proteases in the stomach and intestines (pepsin, trypsin, etc) into their constituent amino acids. The amino acids are then absorbed in the small ...
- 76
1
vote
Why is alcohol purged from the body more slowly when we sleep?
You are right, Culprit is Ethanol in Alcohol. It contains 2 carbon atoms, 6 Hydrogen atoms and 1 Oxygen atom.
Ethanol is readily soluble in water, so it easily dissolves in the
bloodstream and gets ...
- 111
1
vote
Target cells of adrenaline?
Epinephrine is a hormone that works systemically and will activate any and all cells that express a hormone receptor with specificity for epinephrine.
As stated in the wikipedia article "It plays an ...
- 4,985
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