New answers tagged molecular-genetics
3
I suspect that what you are asking for is years in the future yet. Bear in mind that the use of CRISPR-CAS9 is just entering clinical trials for a very few, well studied diseases. Almost all the work with CRISPR-CAS9 is still limited to model organisms and tissue cultures.
Are you referring to Adiposis Dolorosa? Apparently the cause is not actually known ...
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Natural horizontal gene transfer in higher animals is possible, but still very rare.
If any transfer happens then it's usually from micro-organsims (viruses/bacteria) or parasites to the host animal (or the reverse). Transfer of genes from any other source to animals is almost unheard of, because the transfer needs to affect the germline (sperm / eggs) to ...
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No
Not all genes are transcribed, repressor proteins and nuclear receptors can bind the DNA preventing transcription of particular genes. Even things like histone regulation can prevent transcription. There may even be epigenetic regulation of transcription.
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Generally speaking, there are sequences that are under purifying selection (where new mutations are often deleterious) and there are sequences that are neutral. Sequences under constant positive selection do not really exist. So, when you ask
If a sequence is under selection will it acquire more changes over time because of faster fixation than if changes ...
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Interpretation of the Question
There are two questions here. The one about alternative start codons is factual and has been well answered by Louis Maddox. The other is an evolutionary question which I would recast as
“Why was methionine selected as the initiating amino acid?”
Like Louis Maddox I would have said that this was almost impossible to answer....
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It is not clear to me where initiation took place in the translation of artificial polynucleotides such as (UC)n which Khorana used in experiments that, following up the work of Nirenberg and Matthaii, helped decipher the genetic code. It may well have occurred at random positions rather than the 5′ end. Such a mode of translation would obviously have been ...
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Summary
The difference in the nature of codon–anticodon ambiguity seen between bacterial initiation and elongation lies not only in the position of the codon at which it occurs (5′ v 3′, respectively), but in the partial or absolute nature of the interactions (only some AUG and GUG etc. codons initiate and insert fMet, whereas all AUU and AUC codons will ...
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1) I'm told that VNTRs are used in DNA profiling. Does this refer to both minisatellites and microsatellites...or just minisatellites?
Actually, it refers mostly to STRs. I worked a bit in forensic genetics and we always published works using STRs markers (one example here, there are plenty in the literature).
In addition, I would not be surprised if ...
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