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Oct 9, 2014 at 4:47 comment added WYSIWYG Nice answer.. But the refractive index does have a role and the convexity of the lens as you rightly explained corrects for it. I had read about fish's highly convex lens but was not aware of diving animals having a flexible lens.
Oct 8, 2014 at 8:40 comment added anongoodnurse No, you have it precisely correct. Their lens does all the work. They can see well in or our of the water because their cornea has little to do with their vision.
Oct 8, 2014 at 8:26 comment added Odihase This answer is great and seems feasible. Thank you!!! So in a nutshell: The effect of light refraction in different media is only a problem for beings with very convex corneas an flat lenses. Does this mean that e.g. Penguins have a sharp sight inside and outside of the water because of their ability to bend their lenses much more than humans could do. Thus, making their visual system far superior. Or are there some disadvantages with a flat cornea-design?
Oct 8, 2014 at 8:04 vote accept Odihase
Oct 7, 2014 at 20:29 history answered anongoodnurse CC BY-SA 3.0