yesThe short answer is: Yes.
Fatal familial insomniaFatal familial insomnia is a genetically passed down disease that at some random point in a carriers life will suddenly stop them from sleeping, ever, they die within 7 to 18 months http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatal_familial_insomnia
I know you did not ask about the disease, but it shows (even without illegal war tests) that it will kill you eventually, even in humans.
I believe in humans without the disease a complete lack of sleep may kill them within weeks, but who knows? maybe it was the drug.