Warwick University's e-nose technology has been around for quite a while: https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/eng/research/impact/electronicnose/
As far as I understand their technology, they sample gas, and analyse it using a solid state CMOS device to generate a signature signal for particular compounds/mixtures. The devices have been used in a variety of industrial gas sensing applications.
There has been some progress in using e-noses in medical diagnosis, for instance this paper reports the use of e-noses to sample volatile organic compounds from urine in type 2 diabetes diagnosis: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30513787
The difference from NMR is that e-noses don't generally try to identify specific molecules, but rather, to generate a signature for a particular organic compound or complex mixture, which can then be compared with other signatures from other samples using a machine-learning approach.