In order to determine whether a particular segment of the genome iscontains a mutation, it seems to me that there must first be a baseline code on whichreference sequence that code looks somehow differentis known to be unmutated.
How has the baselinewas such a human reference genome been determined? Did someone dig upIs it the DNA sequence of a very_old human skeleton which was subsequently DNA-analyzed to be used as the baseline?
Or do mutations contain some kind of fingerprint that tells researchersindicates that "it“it is not the original genome"? If so, how does that fingerprint look likegenome”?