Hi there, I found this insect in India/Rajasthan. Is this a spider or scorpion? It was nearly 50 mm in length.
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That's neither a spider nor a scorpion (and, of course, not an insect). That's a solifuge, a different group of Arachnida.
The most common Genus of solifugae in India is Galeodes, which resembles the specimen in your photo:
Genus Galeodes
However, narrowing it down to the Genus may be a little bit more complicated.
It's worth mentioning that, despite their frightening appearance, they are not dangerous to humans.