Questions tagged [stem-cells]
Cells which have not fully differentiated yet, i.e. with the potential to develop into other kinds of cells through asymmetric cell division.
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Would Adipose Derived Stem Cells Reinjected into Fat Tissue Reorganize into their typical structure?
I've read papers saying that mesenchymal stem cells (and in some cases stem cells in general) retain a degree of tropism for their sites of origin based on epigenetic memory. Is that mechanism strong ...
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Chimera generation rate between mouse and other animals
I have a question about the chimera generation rate of the mouse compared with other animals.
Before asking the question, I need to define the following terms:
ES cells: Embryonic stem cells
The ...
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Databases medicine and therapy - animal & human studies, technology readiness level
I am looking for some universal databases that would offer information about drugs and therapies currently in development.
The area of interest is mostly cell and gene therapy. I am looking for ...
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Is proliferating stem cells dangerous on some aspects?
By searching on internet about replication of stem cells, I came across numerous articles speaking about how to activate stem cell proliferation, most articles searching "natural" means for ...
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Can an injection of unipotent stem cells cause teratoma?
I understand that injecting pluripotent stem cells causes formation of teratomas.
Does injecting unipotent stem cells also cause teratoma?
If it does not form teratoma, is the injection of unipotent ...
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Why aren't iPSC's created in vivo?
As I understand it, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC's) can be made using the following (grossly oversimplified) steps:
Take some skin cells (fibroblasts) from the host
Introduce the ...
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How does a (stem) cell keep track of its own 'specialization'?
If I understand correctly, as stem cells divide, they become more and more specialized. The very first (fertilized) cell still can divide into every other cell in the body, but as they divide further, ...
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Mechanism for switch of embryonic stem cells from "fast" cell cycle to "normal" cell cycle?
It is well-known that embryonic stem cells have a fast cell cycle (very roughly about 12 hours), while typically normal cells have a much longer cell cycle (very roughly about 24 hours).
Of course, it ...
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Why do tumours need stem cells, when they can generate their own telomerase?
In the molecular biology of the cell (6th ed), it is stated that:
Some cancers seem to be organized in a similar way: they consist of
rare cancer stem cells capable of dividing indefinitly, toghether ...
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Do all stem cells have a full number of chromosomes?
Do all or only some stem cells have a full number of chromosomes?
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In plasmid-based transient transfection of mesenchymal stem cells, do I have to select for transfected cells and verify GOI expression via a reporter?
I am transiently transfecting mesenchymal stem cells with a mammalian plasmid-based expression vector that does not contain any mammalian selection marker and also the gene of interest will be cloned ...
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Do stem cells have no epigenome?
Till now I thought that embryonic stem cells have no epigenome as they are pluripotent. (I thought that since epigenome is what gives a cell its identity, no cellular identity means no epigenome) I ...
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Skin (epithelial) stem cells: unipotent or multipotent?
In a video on the Khan platform on stem cells, epithelial stem cells are described as unipotent stem cells, i.e. only producing one kind of specialised cell: epithelialor skin cells.
However, on a ...
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Why don’t bone marrow donations harm the donor in the long term?
I have googled about this, and the most I can really find is that donating bone marrow/blood stem cells is not harmful in the long run, but I want to know why and how much is really known about this.
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Meaning of “gene expression heterogeneity” of embryonic stem cells
What does it mean if a gene has a heterogeneous expression? Does it describe the differences of patterns of expression of that particular gene in a population of cells that are identical? The papers I ...
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CML (Chronic Myeloid Leukemia) and blast cell percentage
I'm trying to understand the oncogenesis of CML. I have a question about CFC cells and blast cells. Are those the same? I know that in the chronic phase of CML there is a blast percentage of 1-10% of ...
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How many hematopeietic stem cells (in percentage) does the bone marrow contains?
I've found out that the body marrow of an adult weights about 5% of it's total weight. How much (%) of the bone marrow consists of hematopeietic stem cells and how much consists of other non-...
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Difference between stem cell "expansion", "repopulation", and "self-renewal"?
From this paper (link:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4130805/), I read "Thus G-CSF results in the expansion of phenotypic HSCs in the bone marrow with reduced repopulating activity and ...
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What would happen to organisms if stem cells didn't differentiate?
I've tried to research this online and looked through my textbooks as well. This is something that has been on my mind for a bit. Will it just mean that the organism is more simple? Or would it mean ...
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What do repopulation and expansion mean in stem cell biology?
I was studying a lecture on the effects of cytokines on hematopoiesis, and it uses these two terms often in the context of the effects of regulators on hematopoietic stem cells:
All repopulating bone ...
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From stem cells to fully differentiated cells
I'd like to understand better how stem cells produce fully differentiated cells via progenitor cells. I assume the following:
Only cells that are not fully differentiated do divide at all.
When a ...
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Why does hair turn white but not skin?
From my understanding melanocyte stem cells (McSCs) stop being produced and we have a finite reserve that gets depleted with time. They're at the origin of melanocytes that create hair and skin ...
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question about stem cells
I was reading this paper:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26119455
and became confused after this sentence:
"The ICM-derived mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells and epiblast-derived
human ...
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Are (muscle) satellite cells the same as muscle stem cells?
In terms of muscle: are the terms 'satellite cell' and 'muscle stem cell' interchangeable? That is, are there muscle stem cells that are not satellite cells, or vice versa?
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Confirmation of organoid's character with the respective organ
How can we verify that the Organoid formed from culturing stem cells shows the exact characteristics of the organ it is developed for?
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Why haven't humans been able to make blood producing vats?
There are people in hospitals in life threatening circumstances that need blood packages, and they fully depend on blood donors' blood.
With our current technology, we have been able to "persuade" ...
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What cells in mosses behave analogously to mammalian embryonic stem cells?
The Washington Post article Ancient life awakens amid thawing ice caps and permafrost describes the work of Peter Convey, an ecologist with the British Antarctic Survey and his team, and includes a ...
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A theoretical ethical dilemma [closed]
For all those who keep in touch with advancements in field of biology iPSCs ought not to be a foreign term. iPSCs are now being used to make organ models to be able to study diseases and how drugs ...
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Is there natural occurrence of induced pluripotency / expression of Yamanaka factors and what is the evolutionary explanation of that?
Is there natural biological processes in which the full (full reprogramming into pluripotent state) or partial (partial reprogramming, stopped before point-of-no-return, preserving the functional ...
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A cure for radiation exposure?
Some of the greatest inventions of my lifetime have been from looking at nature and copying. I found out tadigrades in outer space have the ability to repair their own DNA when exposed to radiation ...
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Why do stem cells injected into muscle become muscle cells?
In this article published in Science Daily, researchers injected teratoma-derived stem cells into mice with muscular dystrophy, and the stem cells regenerated 80% of the lost muscle. But what is the ...
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Lobed Nuclei still count as One nucleus?
Do the Lobed Nuclei of immune cells (such as Megakaryocytes) still count as one nucleus?
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Apart from nerve cells and muscle cells, what types of cells do not undergo mitosis in adult man?
Neurons and muscle cells in adult humans do not have the ability to divide by mitosis, so they can not repair themselves and their cell cycle remains in the interphase. I’m looking for more cells with ...
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Are $DCX^{-}PSA-NCAM^{+}$ neurons the result of adult neurogenesis in human being?
A recent study by Sorrells et al. (2018) has stirred a debate whether human being really do have adult neurogenesis in hippocampus or not.
In a following paper- Adult hippocampal neurogenesis: a ...
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How do adult differentiated somatic cells divide?
My textbook (which is Biotechnology by David P. Clark) states, when talking about fate-mapping potential stem-cells:
"If the marked cell is not a stem cell, the marker will not be passed
onto ...
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Are androgenic-anabolic steroids a form of gene editing?
Is taking AAS a form of gene-editing? Steroids alter genes in some way since they allow people to build more muscle than what's naturally possible -- so they sort of "break" natural genetics somehow.
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Self Grown Organs
Could a viable organ be partially grown in a test tube then be hooked up to the host in some way until it is large enough to swap it with the bad organ?
For example: Could a smaller replacement heart ...
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Is that true that plant stem cells can be used in humans?
I was reading an article (which seems very fake to me) on sensitive topics, but there was one astonishing statement:
Stem cells are obtained from certain plants that grow all over the world. Once ...
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What is the relationship between induction of cell differentiation and DNA methylation status?
This may sound like a broad question to ask, but I am working on interpreting a review article for my epigenetics course and I'm having trouble reconciling two seemingly contradictory things this ...
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What determines the physical location of differentiated cells in an organism?
Exposition:
As a little kid, I always thought of DNA as being a description of how to build an organism. For example a human DNA would have "Add two legs and two arms", a dogs DNA would have ...
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What are the principles of stem cell engineering?
Suppose you want to convert the skin cell into a pluripotent stem cell. I know there are a few genes that were identified for this purpose (a recent Nobel Prize). But apart from finding such genes, it ...
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How does the Lgr5 receptor contribute to maintaining stemness in the intestine?
I don't understand the connection between Lgr5 receptor and Wnt between Paneth cells and stem cells. And how does this link to the EphB-EprinB inhibition between transit amplifying cells and ...
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Evolution of leukemia pluripotent short-term cells
I have a problem in understanding the introduction of this paper entitled "Stability and bifurcation in a model for the dynamics of stem-like cells in leukemia under treatment". As I have no ...
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Why are stem cell therapies more preferred (theoretically) over current measures?
i understand that when stem cells are used to treat injuries using induced pluripotent stem cells (IPS), they can prevent the risk of having any tissue rejection and thus, there isn't a need for use ...
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What are null cells?
My histology textbook says the following:
The pluripotential hemopoietic stemm cell (which resembles a lymphocyte) is a member of the null cell population of lymphocytes.
It then goes on to add:
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Full name for stem cells
So during research, my professor mentioned a type of stem cell, a name that was like 5-6 words long, that can be used to treat diabetes by creating an "artificial organ". That hypothetical organ would ...
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What's the difference in roles of GATA-2 and BMI-1 in guiding Hematopietic cells?
I've discovered that hematopoietic cells become lineage-positive (Lin+) and go down the path of becoming lymphoblasts and myeloblasts, and that both BMI-1 and GATA-2 are transcription factors that ...
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Stem Cell Replication
Reading from the internet, I've come across quotes that said stem cells have the potential to replicate indefinitely. However, there are other sources that say cells that are specialised will have ...
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Is O4I2 sufficient to reprogram cells (ie induce pluripotency)? [closed]
Is exposure to the chemical O4I2 (ethyl 2-((4-chlorophenyl)amino)-thiazole-4-carboxylate) sufficient to reprogram an adult cell back to pluripotency?
They sell this chemical online for pretty cheap. ...
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Can I grow unlimited stem cells from limited embryonic stem cells?
If I theoretically extract a few embryonic stem cells from the embryo and cultured in vitro with enough nutrient to grow more cells. How many maximum of stem cells can I get? Do I need to add any ...
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